by The tutorial shows how to create multiple IF statements in Excel with AND as well as OR logic. Also, you will learn how to use IF together with other Excel functions.
In the first part of our Excel IF tutorial, we looked at how to construct a simple IF statement with one condition for text, numbers, dates, blanks and non-blanks. For powerful data analysis, however, you may often need to evaluate multiple conditions at a time. The below formula examples will show you the most effective ways to do this.
How to use IF function with multiple conditions
In essence, there are two types of the IF formula with multiple criteria based on the AND / OR logic. Consequently, in the logical test of your IF formula, you should use one of these functions:
- AND function - returns TRUE if all the conditions are met; FALSE otherwise.
- OR function - returns TRUE if any single condition is met; FALSE otherwise.
To better illustrate the point, let's investigate some real-life formulas examples.
Excel IF statement with multiple conditions (AND logic)
The generic formula of Excel IF with two or more conditions is this:
Translated into a human language, the formula says: If condition 1 is true AND condition 2 is true, return value_if_true; else return value_if_false.
Suppose you have a table listing the scores of two tests in columns B and C. To pass the final exam, a student must have both scores greater than 50.
For the logical test, you use the following AND statement: AND(B2>50, C2>50)
If both conditions are true, the formula will return "Pass"; if any condition is false - "Fail".
=IF(AND(B2>50, B2>50), "Pass", "Fail")
Easy, isn't it? The screenshot below proves that our Excel IF /AND formula works right:
In a similar manner, you can use the Excel IF function with multiple text conditions.
For instance, to output "Good" if both B2 and C2 are greater than 50, "Bad" otherwise, the formula is:
=IF(AND(B2="pass", C2="pass"), "Good!", "Bad")
Important note! The AND function checks all the conditions, even if the already tested one(s) evaluated to FALSE. Such behavior is a bit unusual since in most of programming languages, subsequent conditions are not tested if any of the previous tests has returned FALSE.
In practice, a seemingly correct IF statement may result in an error because of this specificity. For example, the below formula would return #DIV/0! ("divide by zero" error) if cell A2 is equal to 0:
=IF(AND(A2<>0, (1/A2)>0.5),"Good", "Bad")
The avoid this, you should use a nested IF function:
=IF(A2<>0, IF((1/A2)>0.5, "Good", "Bad"), "Bad")
For more information, please see IF AND formula in Excel.
Excel IF function with multiple conditions (OR logic)
To do one thing if any condition is met, otherwise do something else, use this combination of the IF and OR functions:
The difference from the IF / AND formula discussed above is that Excel returns TRUE if any of the specified conditions is true.
So, if in the previous formula, we use OR instead of AND:
=IF(OR(B2>50, B2>50), "Pass", "Fail")
Then anyone who has more than 50 points in either exam will get "Pass" in column D. With such conditions, our students have a better chance to pass the final exam (Yvette being particularly unlucky failing by just 1 point :)
Tip. In case you are creating a multiple IF statement with text and testing a value in one cell with the OR logic (i.e. a cell can be "this" or "that"), then you can build a more compact formula using an array constant.
For example, to mark a sale as "closed" if cell B2 is either "delivered" or "paid", the formula is:
=IF(OR(B2={"delivered", "paid"}), "Closed", "")
More formula examples can be found in Excel IF OR function.
IF with multiple AND & OR statements
If your task requires evaluating several sets of multiple conditions, you will have to utilize both AND & OR functions at a time.
In our sample table, suppose you have the following criteria for checking the exam results:
- Condition 1: exam1>50 and exam2>50
- Condition 2: exam1>40 and exam2>60
If either of the conditions is met, the final exam is deemed passed.
At first sight, the formula seems a little tricky, but in fact it is not! You just express each of the above conditions as an AND statement and nest them in the OR function (since it's not necessary to meet both conditions, either will suffice):
OR(AND(B2>50, C2>50), AND(B2>40, C2>60)
Then, use the OR function for the logical test of IF and supply the desired value_if_true and value_if_false values. As the result, you get the following IF formula with multiple AND / OR conditions:
=IF(OR(AND(B2>50, C2>50), AND(B2>40, C2>60), "Pass", "Fail")
The screenshot below indicates that we've done the formula right:
Naturally, you are not limited to using only two AND/OR functions in your IF formulas. You can use as many of them as your business logic requires, provided that:
- In Excel 2007 and higher, you have no more than 255 arguments, and the total length of the IF formula does not exceed 8,192 characters.
- In Excel 2003 and lower, there are no more than 30 arguments, and the total length of your IF formula does not exceed 1,024 characters.
Nested IF statement to check multiple logical tests
If you want to evaluate multiple logical tests within a single formula, then you can nest several functions one into another. Such functions are called nested IF functions. They prove particularly useful when you wish to return different values depending on the logical tests' results.
Here's a typical example: suppose you want to qualify the students' achievements as "Good", "Satisfactory" and "Poor" based on the following scores:
- Good: 60 or more (>=60)
- Satisfactory: between 40 and 60 (>40 and <60)
- Poor: 40 or less (<=40)
Before writing a formula, consider the order of functions you are going to nest. Excel will evaluate the logical tests in the order they appear in the formula. Once a condition evaluates to TRUE, the subsequent conditions are not tested, meaning the formula stops after the first TRUE result.
In our case, the functions are arranged from largest to smallest:
=IF(B2>=60, "Good", IF(B2>40, "Satisfactory", "Poor"))
Naturally, you can nest more functions if needed (up to 64 in modern versions).
For more information, please see How to use multiple nested IF statements in Excel.
Excel IF array formula with multiple conditions
Another way to get an Excel IF to test multiple conditions is by using an array formula.
To evaluate conditions with the AND logic, use the asterisk:
To test conditions with the OR logic, use the plus sign:
To complete an array formula correctly, press the Ctrl + Shift + Enter keys together. In Excel 365 and Excel 2021, this also works as a regular formula due to support for dynamic arrays.
For example, to get "Pass" if both B2 and C2 are greater than 50, the formula is:
=IF((B2>50) * (C2>50), "Pass", "Fail")
In my Excel 365, a normal formula works just fine (as you can see in the screenshots above). In Excel 2019 and lower, remember to make it an array formula by using the Ctrl + Shift + Enter shortcut.
To evaluate multiple conditions with the OR logic, the formula is:
=IF((B2>50) + (C2>50), "Pass", "Fail")
Using IF together with other functions
This section explains how to use IF in combination with other Excel functions and what benefits this gives to you.
Example 1. If #N/A error in VLOOKUP
When VLOOKUP or other lookup function cannot find something, it returns a #N/A error. To make your tables look nicer, you can return zero, blank, or specific text if #N/A. For this, use this generic formula:
For example:
If #N/A return 0:
If the lookup value in E1 is not found, the formula returns zero.
=IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2,FALSE )), 0, VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2, FALSE))
If #N/A return blank:
If the lookup value is not found, the formula returns nothing (an empty string).
=IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2,FALSE )), "", VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2, FALSE))
If #N/A return certain text:
If the lookup value is not found, the formula returns specific text.
=IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2,FALSE )), "Not found", VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2, FALSE))
For more formula examples, please see VLOOKUP with IF statement in Excel.
Example 2. IF with SUM, AVERAGE, MIN and MAX functions
To sum cell values based on certain criteria, Excel provides the SUMIF and SUMIFS functions.
In some situations, your business logic may require including the SUM function in the logical test of IF. For example, to return different text labels depending on the sum of the values in B2 and C2, the formula is:
=IF(SUM(B2:C2)>130, "Good", IF(SUM(B2:C2)>110, "Satisfactory", "Poor"))
If the sum is greater than 130, the result is "good"; if greater than 110 – "satisfactory', if 110 or lower – "poor".
In a similar fashion, you can embed the AVERAGE function in the logical test of IF and return different labels based on the average score:
=IF(AVERAGE(B2:C2)>65, "Good", IF(AVERAGE(B2:C2)>55, "Satisfactory", "Poor"))
Assuming the total score is in column D, you can identify the highest and lowest values with the help of the MAX and MIN functions:
=IF(D2=MAX($D$2:$D$10), "Best result", "")
=IF(D2=MAX($D$2:$D$10), "Best result", "")
To have both labels in one column, nest the above functions one into another:
=IF(D2=MAX($D$2:$D$10), "Best result", IF(D2=MIN($D$2:$D$10), "Worst result", ""))
Likewise, you can use IF together with your custom functions. For example, you can combine it with GetCellColor or GetCellFontColor to return different results based on a cell color.
In addition, Excel provides a number of functions to calculate data based on conditions. For detailed formula examples, please check out the following tutorials:
Example 3. IF with ISNUMBER, ISTEXT and ISBLANK
To identify text, numbers and blank cells, Microsoft Excel provides special functions such as ISTEXT, ISNUMBER and ISBLANK. By placing them in the logical tests of three nested IF statements, you can identify all different data types in one go:
=IF(ISTEXT(A2), "Text", IF(ISNUMBER(A2), "Number", IF(ISBLANK(A2), "Blank", "")))
Example 4. IF and CONCATENATE
To output the result of IF and some text into one cell, use the CONCATENATE or CONCAT (in Excel 2016 - 365) and IF functions together. For example:
=CONCATENATE("You performed ", IF(B1>100,"fantastic!", IF(B1>50, "well", "poor")))
=CONCAT("You performed ", IF(B1>100,"fantastic!", IF(B1>50, "well", "poor")))
Looking at the screenshot below, you'll hardly need any explanation of what the formula does:
IF ISERROR / ISNA formula in Excel
The modern versions of Excel have special functions to trap errors and replace them with another calculation or predefined value - IFERROR (in Excel 2007 and later) and IFNA (in Excel 2013 and later). In earlier Excel versions, you can use the IF ISERROR and IF ISNA combinations instead.
The difference is that IFERROR and ISERROR handle all possible Excel errors, including #VALUE!, #N/A, #NAME?, #REF!, #NUM!, #DIV/0!, and #NULL!. While IFNA and ISNA specialize solely in #N/A errors.
For example, to replace the "divide by zero" error (#DIV/0!) with your custom text, you can use the following formula:
=IF(ISERROR(A2/B2), "N/A", A2/B2)
And that's all I have to say about using the IF function in Excel. I thank you for reading and hope to see you on our blog next week!
Practice workbook for download
Excel IF multiple criteria - examples (.xlsx file)
4538 comments
can someone help me with this IF statement. If the hours worked are 10 but regular is 8 i need an IF statement to calculate the different of time between the two numbers.
Hi!
Try this formula:
=IF(B2>A2,B2-A2,"")
Hi,
I have a list of individual items that belong in a system. The individual items are being inspected and every item needs to pass inspection for a system to be considered "Passed". For example, I want to say if items in system 2 all pass inspection, the total System passed inspection. If only half of the items pass inspection, then the System is in progress. For example:
System item Passed? System Passed?
1 1 Passed In Progress
1 2 Failed In Progress
1 3 In Progress In Progress
1 4 Passed In Progress
1 5 Passed In Progress
1 6 Failed In Progress
2 7 Passed Passed
2 8 Passed Passed
2 9 Passed Passed
2 10 Passed Passed
System 1's inspection is in progress and System 2 passed inspection. I'm looking for a formula that can fill out the "System Passed?" column and basically tell me "Not every item in system 1 passed inspection so system 1 is in progress" and "Every item passed inspection in system 2 so system 2 passed"
Column A is "System" with systems 1 and 2, column B is "item" with item numbers 1-10, column C is "Passed?" with "passed"/"failed"/or "in progress", column D is "System Passed?" with either the system "in progress" or "passed."
Hello!
To count the number of records by condition, use the COUNTIF function.
The formula is something like this:
=IF(COUNTIF(C1:C20,"Passed")/COUNTIF(A1:A20,A1)=1,"Passed", IF(COUNTIF(C1:C20,"Passed")/COUNTIF(A1:A20,A1) > = 0.5,"In Progerss", ))
Hi,
I'm trying to get a formula that puts together values from different columns (10+) in one same cell with line breaks.
For each column I want to have the "column title: " + value of the corresponding cell
BUT
I only want to have the "column title: " IF the corresponding cell is not empty (otherwise I would see "column title: " without any value
For example:
column title 1 is "material"
cell value 1 is "metal"
and
column title 2 is "color"
cell value 2 is empty
and
column title 3 is "size"
cell value 3 is "15"
Ideally I wanna see the following:
material: metal
size: 15
and don't wanna see (since "color" is empty I don't wanna have it displayed):
material: metal
color:
size: 15
The formula I created is:
=Y1&":"&Y3&CHAR(10)
Y1= title
Y3= cell value
But this leaves me with titles with blank cells (and values).
How can I integrated a series of IF functions that check cell content of each column?
Hello!
If I got you right, the formula below will help you with your task:
=IF(A2 < > "",A1&":"&A2&CHAR(10),"")&IF(B2 < > "",B1&":"&B2&CHAR(10),"")&IF(C2 < > "",C1&":"&C2&CHAR(10),"")
Hi! I need to get reflect 30 if the sum of A2 + B2 is greater or equal to 30, then just reflect the ACTUAL sum of A2 + B2 if the result is less than 30. How should I write the formula? I tried below but I don't get the exact answer, considering the decimal point also, for ex. with result 29.5 it will reflect 30 when it should 29.5 only.
=IF((A2+B2)>=30, "30", IF((A2+B2)<30, ""))
Hi!
Try this formula:
=IF((A2+B2)>=30, 30, A2+B2)
Hello!
I'm trying to come up with a formula that gives me any number that fulfills 2 conditions.
For example:
I need any random number that takes into consideration that value X doesn't go below 10% and value Y doesn't go below 35%.
How is that possible?
Hi!
Sorry, I do not fully understand the task. Explain what X and Y are for you. Write an example of the numbers you want.
Here is the article that may be helpful to you: How to generate random numbers in Excel.
Im trying to make a formula, but not too handy with excel.
Its a condion,
lets say if O8 has a Letter E turn it red and if has letter L turn it green
Could someone help me.
Thanks
Hello!
Use this instruction: https://www.ablebits.com/office-addins-blog/excel-conditional-formatting-formulas/#conditional-formatting-using-formulas.
Create one conditional formatting rule for the letter E and a second rule for the letter L.
I hope this will help.
Anyone know why my formula is not working?
Column B Year 2021, 2020, 2019, down to 1999
Column C Week Number 2,3,4,5,6, up to 53
Formula being used: =IF((AND(B40327=2021, C40327=52)), "Yes", "No")
Result is No in everything even though I have 57 that should meet the condition of equalling 2021 in B and 52 in C
Can anyone help please?
Hello!
Unfortunately, without seeing your data it is difficult to give you any advice. Why does 57 have to match 2021 and 52?
Please help to put the calculation of incentive
Conditions:-
* 1% Commission for the debt collection with in 10 days after invoice submission.
* .75% for with in 10-30 days after invoice submission.
* 0.50% for the debt with in 30-60 days after invoice submission.
* 0.25% for the debt with in 60-120 days after invoice submission.
* Nothing for the debt for more than 120 days after invoice submission.
Hi,
50 employee's different department
how to calculate correct incentive %
conditions
*Incentive structure*
(Target completed 1 to 5 jobs)
quarter 1 = 2%
quarter 2 = 2%
quarter 3= 2%
(Target completed 6 to 10 jobs)
quarter 1 = 3%
quarter 2 = 3.5%
quarter 3= 4%
(Target completed 11 to 25 jobs)
quarter 1 = 4%
quarter 2 = 4.5%
quarter 3= 5%
(Target completed 26 to 50 jobs)
quarter 1 = 4.5%
quarter 2 = 5%
quarter 3= 5.5%
(Target completed 51 to 100 jobs)
quarter 1 = 5%
quarter 2 = 5.5%
quarter 3= 6%
please help
please help
Hi,
50 employee's different department
how to calculate correct %
conditions
*Incentive structure*
Target quarter 1 quarter 2 quarter 3
1 to 5 2% 2% 2%
6 to 10 3% 3.5% 4%
11 to 25 4% 4.5% 5%
26 to 50 4.5% 5% 5.5%
51 to 100 5% 5.5% 6%
please help
vinesh/mahesh 9 5 5 emi/kelly 4 9 3
3 games - 1st winners 9, second game opponents 9, third game 5 in the forth cell I want to put 2 games for first pair and the opponents 1 game.
How do I do that? I'm 76 and struggling on this one.
Hi!
I am not sure I fully understand what you mean.
=IF(B4500,B4*I5,IF(B4>=1001,B4*J5)))
Last one is not multiple
please help
Hi!
The formula is not fully written. Explain the problem in detail
plz help me,
The sum of column A1 and column B1 must be greater equal than 20, the sum of column C1 and column D1 must be greater equal than 46. Then if the sum of all these is greater than 65 then the result will be A +.
How can I apply,..............plz
Hi!
I hope you have studied the recommendations in the tutorial above. It contains answers to your question
If my understanding is correct,
=IF(AND(A1+B1>20,C1+D1>46,A1+B1+C1+D1>65),"A+","")
Hi, Alex,
Thanks a lot to you. Your suggestions is really help me very much.
Thanks again.
if A= 30 , B=40, C=20 , if i want to show larg/max No from the cell , without using =max , =larg formula
is it possible to show large no (which is 40 ) by using of "=And" Formula.., if its then how,
this question was asked during my interview ,please give me answer??? and thanks you in advance,
can you just help me
Hi!
Try the following formula:
=IF(AND(A1>B1,A1>C1),A1,IF(AND(B1>A1,B1>C1),B1,C1))
Thank you sir
I am working with timesheets. So basically I need a formula to state if the total hours worked is less than 2 that it remains 2 but if it is more than 2 that it shows the true value. How do I do that? Please help me.
Hello!
If in a cell the time is written as time, then use the TIME function:
=IF(A1
Plz help,
if (b1+c1>=20)+ (b2+c2>=46)= >79 it will be A+ how to apply
Hi!
I’m sorry but your task is not entirely clear to me. Could you please describe it in more detail? What result do you want to get?
Please
how will I write a formula whereby I weight range value and want to group these weights. (if the weight is 0-3.5tons then excel gives me 3.5<7.5tons......) something of the sort.
IF(A2*B2<=4,"1"*C2, IF(A2*B2<=8,“2”*C2, IF(A2*B212,”4”*C2))))
IF A2xB2 = 1, 2,3 or4 value = 1
IF A2xB2 = 5, 6, 7,or 8 value =2
IF A2xB2 = 9,10,11,12 value =3
IF A2xB2 = greater than 12 value =4
the new assigned value of 1,2,3, 4 would be multiplied by value in column C2
What am I doing wrong? Still a beginner in excel so any help would be appreciated.
Hello!
In your conditions, you can use the rounding function:
=IF(ROUNDUP(A2*B2/4,0)>4,4,ROUNDUP(A2*B2/4,0))
This should solve your task.
Thanks for the tips on using the IF condition.
However, I would like to share my doubts regarding the topic under discussion. The question is:
I have this formula, below, where I$3 are the hours, which range from 0 to 10; G and H are the entry and exit times.
=IF(AND(I$3>=$G4,I$3<=$H4),$F4.0)
I want excel to fill in the cells that fall between the entry time and exit time, but in cases where the entry time is greater than the exit time (for example when the worker enters at 8 pm to leave at 6 am) the above formula is no longer valid.
Therefore, I ask for your help in improving the formula.
Thanks
Hello!
I don't understand how your formula works. If you use time, then the formula does not work for the interval from 13-00 to 23-00. Do the cells contain the time or the usual numbers from 1 to 12? Give examples of source data.
Greetings friends, I am working on a spreadsheet for my work but I do not know how to make the calculator add the odd results by a constant figure, for example by 10, I would appreciate any help thanks.