Excel IF statement with multiple conditions

The tutorial shows how to create multiple IF statements in Excel with AND as well as OR logic. Also, you will learn how to use IF together with other Excel functions.

In the first part of our Excel IF tutorial, we looked at how to construct a simple IF statement with one condition for text, numbers, dates, blanks and non-blanks. For powerful data analysis, however, you may often need to evaluate multiple conditions at a time. The below formula examples will show you the most effective ways to do this.

How to use IF function with multiple conditions

In essence, there are two types of the IF formula with multiple criteria based on the AND / OR logic. Consequently, in the logical test of your IF formula, you should use one of these functions:

  • AND function - returns TRUE if all the conditions are met; FALSE otherwise.
  • OR function - returns TRUE if any single condition is met; FALSE otherwise.

To better illustrate the point, let's investigate some real-life formulas examples.

Excel IF statement with multiple conditions (AND logic)

The generic formula of Excel IF with two or more conditions is this:

IF(AND(condition1, condition2, …), value_if_true, value_if_false)

Translated into a human language, the formula says: If condition 1 is true AND condition 2 is true, return value_if_true; else return value_if_false.

Suppose you have a table listing the scores of two tests in columns B and C. To pass the final exam, a student must have both scores greater than 50.

For the logical test, you use the following AND statement: AND(B2>50, C2>50)

If both conditions are true, the formula will return "Pass"; if any condition is false - "Fail".

=IF(AND(B2>50, B2>50), "Pass", "Fail")

Easy, isn't it? The screenshot below proves that our Excel IF /AND formula works right: Excel IF statement with multiple AND conditions

In a similar manner, you can use the Excel IF function with multiple text conditions.

For instance, to output "Good" if both B2 and C2 are greater than 50, "Bad" otherwise, the formula is:

=IF(AND(B2="pass", C2="pass"), "Good!", "Bad") Excel IF function with multiple text conditions

Important note! The AND function checks all the conditions, even if the already tested one(s) evaluated to FALSE. Such behavior is a bit unusual since in most of programming languages, subsequent conditions are not tested if any of the previous tests has returned FALSE.

In practice, a seemingly correct IF statement may result in an error because of this specificity. For example, the below formula would return #DIV/0! ("divide by zero" error) if cell A2 is equal to 0:

=IF(AND(A2<>0, (1/A2)>0.5),"Good", "Bad")

The avoid this, you should use a nested IF function:

=IF(A2<>0, IF((1/A2)>0.5, "Good", "Bad"), "Bad")

For more information, please see IF AND formula in Excel.

Excel IF function with multiple conditions (OR logic)

To do one thing if any condition is met, otherwise do something else, use this combination of the IF and OR functions:

IF(OR(condition1, condition2, …), value_if_true, value_if_false)

The difference from the IF / AND formula discussed above is that Excel returns TRUE if any of the specified conditions is true.

So, if in the previous formula, we use OR instead of AND:

=IF(OR(B2>50, B2>50), "Pass", "Fail")

Then anyone who has more than 50 points in either exam will get "Pass" in column D. With such conditions, our students have a better chance to pass the final exam (Yvette being particularly unlucky failing by just 1 point :) Excel IF function with multiple OR conditions

Tip. In case you are creating a multiple IF statement with text and testing a value in one cell with the OR logic (i.e. a cell can be "this" or "that"), then you can build a more compact formula using an array constant.

For example, to mark a sale as "closed" if cell B2 is either "delivered" or "paid", the formula is:

=IF(OR(B2={"delivered", "paid"}), "Closed", "")

More formula examples can be found in Excel IF OR function.

IF with multiple AND & OR statements

If your task requires evaluating several sets of multiple conditions, you will have to utilize both AND & OR functions at a time.

In our sample table, suppose you have the following criteria for checking the exam results:

  • Condition 1: exam1>50 and exam2>50
  • Condition 2: exam1>40 and exam2>60

If either of the conditions is met, the final exam is deemed passed.

At first sight, the formula seems a little tricky, but in fact it is not! You just express each of the above conditions as an AND statement and nest them in the OR function (since it's not necessary to meet both conditions, either will suffice):

OR(AND(B2>50, C2>50), AND(B2>40, C2>60)

Then, use the OR function for the logical test of IF and supply the desired value_if_true and value_if_false values. As the result, you get the following IF formula with multiple AND / OR conditions:

=IF(OR(AND(B2>50, C2>50), AND(B2>40, C2>60), "Pass", "Fail")

The screenshot below indicates that we've done the formula right: IF with multiple AND & OR statements

Naturally, you are not limited to using only two AND/OR functions in your IF formulas. You can use as many of them as your business logic requires, provided that:

  • In Excel 2007 and higher, you have no more than 255 arguments, and the total length of the IF formula does not exceed 8,192 characters.
  • In Excel 2003 and lower, there are no more than 30 arguments, and the total length of your IF formula does not exceed 1,024 characters.

Nested IF statement to check multiple logical tests

If you want to evaluate multiple logical tests within a single formula, then you can nest several functions one into another. Such functions are called nested IF functions. They prove particularly useful when you wish to return different values depending on the logical tests' results.

Here's a typical example: suppose you want to qualify the students' achievements as "Good", "Satisfactory" and "Poor" based on the following scores:

  • Good: 60 or more (>=60)
  • Satisfactory: between 40 and 60 (>40 and <60)
  • Poor: 40 or less (<=40)

Before writing a formula, consider the order of functions you are going to nest. Excel will evaluate the logical tests in the order they appear in the formula. Once a condition evaluates to TRUE, the subsequent conditions are not tested, meaning the formula stops after the first TRUE result.

In our case, the functions are arranged from largest to smallest:

=IF(B2>=60, "Good", IF(B2>40, "Satisfactory", "Poor"))

Naturally, you can nest more functions if needed (up to 64 in modern versions). Nested IF statement in Excel

For more information, please see How to use multiple nested IF statements in Excel.

Excel IF array formula with multiple conditions

Another way to get an Excel IF to test multiple conditions is by using an array formula.

To evaluate conditions with the AND logic, use the asterisk:

IF(condition1) * (condition2) * …, value_if_true, value_if_false)

To test conditions with the OR logic, use the plus sign:

IF(condition1) + (condition2) + …, value_if_true, value_if_false)

To complete an array formula correctly, press the Ctrl + Shift + Enter keys together. In Excel 365 and Excel 2021, this also works as a regular formula due to support for dynamic arrays.

For example, to get "Pass" if both B2 and C2 are greater than 50, the formula is:

=IF((B2>50) * (C2>50), "Pass", "Fail") IF array formula with multiple AND conditions

In my Excel 365, a normal formula works just fine (as you can see in the screenshots above). In Excel 2019 and lower, remember to make it an array formula by using the Ctrl + Shift + Enter shortcut.

To evaluate multiple conditions with the OR logic, the formula is:

=IF((B2>50) + (C2>50), "Pass", "Fail") IF array formula with multiple OR conditions

Using IF together with other functions

This section explains how to use IF in combination with other Excel functions and what benefits this gives to you.

Example 1. If #N/A error in VLOOKUP

When VLOOKUP or other lookup function cannot find something, it returns a #N/A error. To make your tables look nicer, you can return zero, blank, or specific text if #N/A. For this, use this generic formula:

IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(…)), value_if_na, VLOOKUP(…))

For example:

If #N/A return 0:

If the lookup value in E1 is not found, the formula returns zero.

=IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2,FALSE )), 0, VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2, FALSE))

If #N/A return blank:

If the lookup value is not found, the formula returns nothing (an empty string).

=IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2,FALSE )), "", VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2, FALSE))

If #N/A return certain text:

If the lookup value is not found, the formula returns specific text.

=IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2,FALSE )), "Not found", VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2, FALSE)) If #N/A error in VLOOKUP

For more formula examples, please see VLOOKUP with IF statement in Excel.

Example 2. IF with SUM, AVERAGE, MIN and MAX functions

To sum cell values based on certain criteria, Excel provides the SUMIF and SUMIFS functions.

In some situations, your business logic may require including the SUM function in the logical test of IF. For example, to return different text labels depending on the sum of the values in B2 and C2, the formula is:

=IF(SUM(B2:C2)>130, "Good", IF(SUM(B2:C2)>110, "Satisfactory", "Poor"))

If the sum is greater than 130, the result is "good"; if greater than 110 – "satisfactory', if 110 or lower – "poor". Using the IF function with SUM

In a similar fashion, you can embed the AVERAGE function in the logical test of IF and return different labels based on the average score:

=IF(AVERAGE(B2:C2)>65, "Good", IF(AVERAGE(B2:C2)>55, "Satisfactory", "Poor"))

Assuming the total score is in column D, you can identify the highest and lowest values with the help of the MAX and MIN functions:

=IF(D2=MAX($D$2:$D$10), "Best result", "")

=IF(D2=MAX($D$2:$D$10), "Best result", "")

To have both labels in one column, nest the above functions one into another:

=IF(D2=MAX($D$2:$D$10), "Best result", IF(D2=MIN($D$2:$D$10), "Worst result", "")) Using IF together with the MIN and MAX functions

Likewise, you can use IF together with your custom functions. For example, you can combine it with GetCellColor or GetCellFontColor to return different results based on a cell color.

In addition, Excel provides a number of functions to calculate data based on conditions. For detailed formula examples, please check out the following tutorials:

  • COUNTIF - count cells that meet a condition
  • COUNTIFS - count cells with multiple criteria
  • SUMIF - conditionally sum cells
  • SUMIFS - sum cells with multiple criteria

Example 3. IF with ISNUMBER, ISTEXT and ISBLANK

To identify text, numbers and blank cells, Microsoft Excel provides special functions such as ISTEXT, ISNUMBER and ISBLANK. By placing them in the logical tests of three nested IF statements, you can identify all different data types in one go:

=IF(ISTEXT(A2), "Text", IF(ISNUMBER(A2), "Number", IF(ISBLANK(A2), "Blank", ""))) IF with ISNUMBER, ISTEXT and ISBLANK

Example 4. IF and CONCATENATE

To output the result of IF and some text into one cell, use the CONCATENATE or CONCAT (in Excel 2016 - 365) and IF functions together. For example:

=CONCATENATE("You performed ", IF(B1>100,"fantastic!", IF(B1>50, "well", "poor")))

=CONCAT("You performed ", IF(B1>100,"fantastic!", IF(B1>50, "well", "poor")))

Looking at the screenshot below, you'll hardly need any explanation of what the formula does: Using IF and CONCATENATE

IF ISERROR / ISNA formula in Excel

The modern versions of Excel have special functions to trap errors and replace them with another calculation or predefined value - IFERROR (in Excel 2007 and later) and IFNA (in Excel 2013 and later). In earlier Excel versions, you can use the IF ISERROR and IF ISNA combinations instead.

The difference is that IFERROR and ISERROR handle all possible Excel errors, including #VALUE!, #N/A, #NAME?, #REF!, #NUM!, #DIV/0!, and #NULL!. While IFNA and ISNA specialize solely in #N/A errors.

For example, to replace the "divide by zero" error (#DIV/0!) with your custom text, you can use the following formula:

=IF(ISERROR(A2/B2), "N/A", A2/B2) Using IF together with ISERROR

And that's all I have to say about using the IF function in Excel. I thank you for reading and hope to see you on our blog next week!

Practice workbook for download

Excel IF multiple criteria - examples (.xlsx file)

Table of contents

4538 comments

  1. Hi

    I have a question...

    I have 3 columns

    A is the year
    B is either jetski or boat
    C is the answer sheet

    I would like it that if A is blank it gets an error message in C

    If its jetski in B then C displays £15
    If its boat in B then C displays £25
    if its neither in B then there is an error message in C

    Thanks.

  2. Hi I am running a score prediction league with some friends and need a formula that will give the following:

    4 points for correct score (e.g 2-0 predicted and actual score is 2-0)

    2 points for correct result and margin of goals but incorrect score (e.g 2-0 predicted and actual score is 3-1)

    1 point = correct result (e.g 2-0 predicted and actual score is 1-0)

    0 points= incorrect result (e.g 2-0 predicted and score is 0-2)

    In terms of my excel file the actual score will go in Column G (home team goals) and column H (away team goals)
    And the predicted score will be in column J (home team goals) and column K (away team goals).

    Any help would be greatly appreciated as I have tried multiple formula's with no luck so far! Thanks

    • Anyone able to help with the above? Thanks

  3. Hi,
    sir can i classify letters into different columns according to no. of letters by using if formula...?
    For Example,
    1 2 3 4
    a am aim arms

  4. I'm not sure IF is the right function to use with my excel. I have a huge list of data with name and items. How can i generate every item with the same name?

    eg:
    Cell A | Cell B
    1. John | Bread
    2. May | Butter
    3. Henry | Tomato
    4. John | Carrot
    5. Kylie | Bread
    6. John | Apple
    7. John | Butter

    My output, i need to list what item John buying.

    Cell A10 | Cell B10 |Cell C10 | Cell D10 | Cell E10
    John | =IF(ISNA(INDEX(B1,MATCH(A10,A1:A7,0)),"-",INDEX(B1,MATCH(A10,A1:A7,0)) | =IF(ISNA(LOOKUP(2,1/A1:A7=A10),B1:B7)))"-",LOOKUP(2/1(A1:A7=A10,B1:B7) |

    Im unsure what to put in D10 and E10, to complete the list of item for John.
    can anyone help?

  5. column 1 "H/RENT ~ CQ#4018598" need to return CQ#4018598
    column 2 "REC:01 JBL/02/ILM LC- 009322010166 " need to return 009322010166
    column 3 "IT PRODUCT ~ CQ#4752400" need to return CQ#4752400
    column 4 "REC:05 JBL/02/ILM LC- 009329910166 " need to return 009329910166

    So how can i find them in one formula.

  6. i can use help to determine an equation for the following:

    we're running a contest where a certain quantity of sales above 5 earns the rep 2x the tickets for sales beyond that. The data should look like this:
    3 sales = 3 tickets
    4 sales = 4 tickets
    5 sales = 5 tickets
    6 sales = 7 tickets
    7 sales = 9 tickets
    8 sales = 11 tickets

    6 or more sales gets the rep 2x tickets on that sale. can someone help me?

  7. IF D1=PASS, and D2=PASS as well as D3=PASS, then CELL D4=PASS OR VICE VERSA.
    IF THERE ARE CELLS HAVING 2 PASS THEN ITS PASS, IF THERE ARE CELLS HAVING 2 FAILS THEN ITS FAILS.

  8. I want single formula for below quivery. I want calculate PF in different categories to calculate.

    If he have pf than only we deduct 12% on Basic+Da, if he dot have pf than not to deduct and Normally we have calculate pf 12% on Basic+DA on salary, The sealing limit is 15000, If he cross 15000 employee has give permission letter to deduct on actual if they not given written acceptance than we will take cutt of 15000 only.

    1) His Salary (Basic+Da) is 5000/- but he dot have pf
    2) His salary is (B+D) is 10000/- he done pf
    3) his salary is (B+D) is 17000/- he done pf but not given acceptance letter
    4) His salary is (B+D) id 18000/- he done pf but he given acceptance letter
    all of four query i want single formul.

  9. Hello,
    I've looked through the blog and the posts and cannot find an answer, so I appreciate any help you can give.
    Currently I have this formula
    =IF(EXACT(N1,"Done"),IF(M1"",M1,NOW()),"")
    I want to maintain the timestamp in "M" cell right after changing data in "N" cell and have new data in "L" cell.

    =IF(EXACT(N1,"Done"),IF(M1"",M1,NOW()),"") and IF(EXACT(N1,"Modeling Request"),IF(L1"",L1,NOW()),"")

    is this possible ?

  10. Recommended: If UOM (I5) cell will be mlg then Total in KGS (K5) cell result Converted Milligram to KGS. If UOM (I5) cell will be grm then Total in KGS (K5) cell result Converted gram to KGS.

    Please someone help me in this formula.

  11. Recommended: If UOM (I5) cell will be mlg then Total in KGS (K5) cell result Converted Milligram to KGS. If UOM (I5) cell will be grm then Total in KGS (K5) cell result Converted gram to KGS.

  12. I have excel report having 10 columns with multiple dates and blanks mentioned as NULL from report.
    Samples as
    A1 = 10-Mar-22, A2 = 30-Mar-22, A3 = 14-Apr-22, A4 = NULL, A5=NULL, A6 to A10 = NULL
    B1 = 10-Mar-22, B2 = 30-Mar-22, B3 = 14-Apr-22, B4 = 30-Apr, B5=10-May, B6 = NULL
    C1 = 10-Mar-22, C2 = 30-Mar-22, C3 = 14-Apr-22, C4 = 30-Apr, C5=10-May, C6 = 30-May, C7 = 30-Jun, C8 = 10-Jul

    Etc.,
    I need the formula to get me the latest date from this and skip the rows. Can you help me.

  13. Hello I hope someone can help with the formula for this particular condition.
    An if formula where if the cell contains Adequate and Moderate its appears on the next column as No. And yes if it contains Low and Critical. I tried using this formula
    =IF(AND(O18=“LOW”,O18=“CRITICAL”),"No", "Yes")
    but it does not work the closest I got is
    =IF(O18="CRITICAL", "YES", "NO")
    but it only recognizes critical and not low

    • Hi!
      I’m not sure I got you right since the description you provided is not entirely clear. However, it seems to me that the formula below will work for you:

      =IF(OR(O18="LOW",O18="CRITICAL"),"No", IF(OR(O18="Adequate",O18="Moderate"), "Yes",""))

      All the necessary information is in the article above.

  14. Hi, I like to add below logic if you can help me to convert in formula...

    Cell "A2" is Date

    If A2>=Today(),"Valid",IF A2<=6Months,"Near to Expire","Expire"

    If A2 is greater or equal to today's date enter "Valid", if A2 is less then 6months date from today enter "Near to Expire", if A2 is less then today's date enter "Expire".

    Pls help to solve this formula... Regards,

  15. I like to add If =IF(C34>=TODAY(),"Valid","Expire",if(C34<=6month,"Near to Expire"))
    pls correct this logic... regards,

  16. Can someone please help with providing a formula for the below problem:

    I would like to see 7:00 when its 7:00-7:04 and then 7:05 if the time is 7:05-7:09 and 7:10 if 7:10-7:15, and so on.

    this is my formula the hour is working fine but I'm having difficulties with the minutes.
    =IF(HOUR(NOW())=12, "12",IF(HOUR(NOW())>12,HOUR(NOW())-12,HOUR())))&":&"IF(MINUTE(NOW())<5,"00","05),IF(MINUTE(NOW())<10, "05","10"))))

  17. lets say i have 2 tables one of them is month table and the other is the number of every item in the store, i want a function that can solve what i will say, if i added number 2 to the october column(this means that i took 2 items from a specific row from the store table in at october) so how can i write a formula that makes the specific row subtract the number ive added to the other table?regarding the month for example ive added 2 to s2 how can i let excel make e2-the number that ive added to s2 and so on

  18. =IF($C39="M",$J$3-Data!B$8*5,IF($C39="T",$J$3-Data!C$8*5,IF($C39="W",$J$3-Data!D$8*5,IF($C39="TH",$J$3-Data!E$8*5,IF($C39="F",$J$3-Data!F$8*5)))))

    Okay, this is my formula it is calculating perfectly if you put in the M,T,W,TH,F individually but if I put two letters in the box like M,T it wont calculate. I need it to recognize more than one of the letters then take the calculation from each letter and subtract them from my J3 cell. help?

      • It is still not doing exactly what I need. I need it to do the follow say M=5, T=6, W=6, TH=6, F=5, if any of the letters are in the cell for example if I put W/T/F in the cell I need to add what each letter equals together then subtract that product from the value of another cell.

  19. Hi i want to know how can i create formula for
    {'B1' greater than '10' and 'D1' less than '5000', then 'C2' 1, if not 'C2' 0} and {B1' greater than '10' and 'D1' between 5001 and 10000, then 'C2' 1, if not 'C2' 0} and {B1' greater than '10' and 'D1' greater than '10000', then 'C2' 1, if not 'C2' 0}

  20. Hi there, I am producing a scorecard and have number of calculations to produce an overall score. Below this, I have put in a rank formula to give each individual and rank between 1 and 4. This is where I need assistance, below this I would like the cell to tell me which individual is ranked #1 - from their individual named cell (elsewhere in the worksheet) - how is this possible?

    • Hi!
      As it's currently written, it's hard to tell exactly what you're asking. Please describe your problem in more detail. Include an example of the source data and the result you want to get.
      To find the name of a person with rank 1, you can use the INDEX MATCH formula.

Post a comment



Thank you for your comment!
When posting a question, please be very clear and concise. This will help us provide a quick and relevant solution to
your query. We cannot guarantee that we will answer every question, but we'll do our best :)