Excel IF statement with multiple conditions

The tutorial shows how to create multiple IF statements in Excel with AND as well as OR logic. Also, you will learn how to use IF together with other Excel functions.

In the first part of our Excel IF tutorial, we looked at how to construct a simple IF statement with one condition for text, numbers, dates, blanks and non-blanks. For powerful data analysis, however, you may often need to evaluate multiple conditions at a time. The below formula examples will show you the most effective ways to do this.

How to use IF function with multiple conditions

In essence, there are two types of the IF formula with multiple criteria based on the AND / OR logic. Consequently, in the logical test of your IF formula, you should use one of these functions:

  • AND function - returns TRUE if all the conditions are met; FALSE otherwise.
  • OR function - returns TRUE if any single condition is met; FALSE otherwise.

To better illustrate the point, let's investigate some real-life formulas examples.

Excel IF statement with multiple conditions (AND logic)

The generic formula of Excel IF with two or more conditions is this:

IF(AND(condition1, condition2, …), value_if_true, value_if_false)

Translated into a human language, the formula says: If condition 1 is true AND condition 2 is true, return value_if_true; else return value_if_false.

Suppose you have a table listing the scores of two tests in columns B and C. To pass the final exam, a student must have both scores greater than 50.

For the logical test, you use the following AND statement: AND(B2>50, C2>50)

If both conditions are true, the formula will return "Pass"; if any condition is false - "Fail".

=IF(AND(B2>50, B2>50), "Pass", "Fail")

Easy, isn't it? The screenshot below proves that our Excel IF /AND formula works right: Excel IF statement with multiple AND conditions

In a similar manner, you can use the Excel IF function with multiple text conditions.

For instance, to output "Good" if both B2 and C2 are greater than 50, "Bad" otherwise, the formula is:

=IF(AND(B2="pass", C2="pass"), "Good!", "Bad") Excel IF function with multiple text conditions

Important note! The AND function checks all the conditions, even if the already tested one(s) evaluated to FALSE. Such behavior is a bit unusual since in most of programming languages, subsequent conditions are not tested if any of the previous tests has returned FALSE.

In practice, a seemingly correct IF statement may result in an error because of this specificity. For example, the below formula would return #DIV/0! ("divide by zero" error) if cell A2 is equal to 0:

=IF(AND(A2<>0, (1/A2)>0.5),"Good", "Bad")

The avoid this, you should use a nested IF function:

=IF(A2<>0, IF((1/A2)>0.5, "Good", "Bad"), "Bad")

For more information, please see IF AND formula in Excel.

Excel IF function with multiple conditions (OR logic)

To do one thing if any condition is met, otherwise do something else, use this combination of the IF and OR functions:

IF(OR(condition1, condition2, …), value_if_true, value_if_false)

The difference from the IF / AND formula discussed above is that Excel returns TRUE if any of the specified conditions is true.

So, if in the previous formula, we use OR instead of AND:

=IF(OR(B2>50, B2>50), "Pass", "Fail")

Then anyone who has more than 50 points in either exam will get "Pass" in column D. With such conditions, our students have a better chance to pass the final exam (Yvette being particularly unlucky failing by just 1 point :) Excel IF function with multiple OR conditions

Tip. In case you are creating a multiple IF statement with text and testing a value in one cell with the OR logic (i.e. a cell can be "this" or "that"), then you can build a more compact formula using an array constant.

For example, to mark a sale as "closed" if cell B2 is either "delivered" or "paid", the formula is:

=IF(OR(B2={"delivered", "paid"}), "Closed", "")

More formula examples can be found in Excel IF OR function.

IF with multiple AND & OR statements

If your task requires evaluating several sets of multiple conditions, you will have to utilize both AND & OR functions at a time.

In our sample table, suppose you have the following criteria for checking the exam results:

  • Condition 1: exam1>50 and exam2>50
  • Condition 2: exam1>40 and exam2>60

If either of the conditions is met, the final exam is deemed passed.

At first sight, the formula seems a little tricky, but in fact it is not! You just express each of the above conditions as an AND statement and nest them in the OR function (since it's not necessary to meet both conditions, either will suffice):

OR(AND(B2>50, C2>50), AND(B2>40, C2>60)

Then, use the OR function for the logical test of IF and supply the desired value_if_true and value_if_false values. As the result, you get the following IF formula with multiple AND / OR conditions:

=IF(OR(AND(B2>50, C2>50), AND(B2>40, C2>60), "Pass", "Fail")

The screenshot below indicates that we've done the formula right: IF with multiple AND & OR statements

Naturally, you are not limited to using only two AND/OR functions in your IF formulas. You can use as many of them as your business logic requires, provided that:

  • In Excel 2007 and higher, you have no more than 255 arguments, and the total length of the IF formula does not exceed 8,192 characters.
  • In Excel 2003 and lower, there are no more than 30 arguments, and the total length of your IF formula does not exceed 1,024 characters.

Nested IF statement to check multiple logical tests

If you want to evaluate multiple logical tests within a single formula, then you can nest several functions one into another. Such functions are called nested IF functions. They prove particularly useful when you wish to return different values depending on the logical tests' results.

Here's a typical example: suppose you want to qualify the students' achievements as "Good", "Satisfactory" and "Poor" based on the following scores:

  • Good: 60 or more (>=60)
  • Satisfactory: between 40 and 60 (>40 and <60)
  • Poor: 40 or less (<=40)

Before writing a formula, consider the order of functions you are going to nest. Excel will evaluate the logical tests in the order they appear in the formula. Once a condition evaluates to TRUE, the subsequent conditions are not tested, meaning the formula stops after the first TRUE result.

In our case, the functions are arranged from largest to smallest:

=IF(B2>=60, "Good", IF(B2>40, "Satisfactory", "Poor"))

Naturally, you can nest more functions if needed (up to 64 in modern versions). Nested IF statement in Excel

For more information, please see How to use multiple nested IF statements in Excel.

Excel IF array formula with multiple conditions

Another way to get an Excel IF to test multiple conditions is by using an array formula.

To evaluate conditions with the AND logic, use the asterisk:

IF(condition1) * (condition2) * …, value_if_true, value_if_false)

To test conditions with the OR logic, use the plus sign:

IF(condition1) + (condition2) + …, value_if_true, value_if_false)

To complete an array formula correctly, press the Ctrl + Shift + Enter keys together. In Excel 365 and Excel 2021, this also works as a regular formula due to support for dynamic arrays.

For example, to get "Pass" if both B2 and C2 are greater than 50, the formula is:

=IF((B2>50) * (C2>50), "Pass", "Fail") IF array formula with multiple AND conditions

In my Excel 365, a normal formula works just fine (as you can see in the screenshots above). In Excel 2019 and lower, remember to make it an array formula by using the Ctrl + Shift + Enter shortcut.

To evaluate multiple conditions with the OR logic, the formula is:

=IF((B2>50) + (C2>50), "Pass", "Fail") IF array formula with multiple OR conditions

Using IF together with other functions

This section explains how to use IF in combination with other Excel functions and what benefits this gives to you.

Example 1. If #N/A error in VLOOKUP

When VLOOKUP or other lookup function cannot find something, it returns a #N/A error. To make your tables look nicer, you can return zero, blank, or specific text if #N/A. For this, use this generic formula:

IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(…)), value_if_na, VLOOKUP(…))

For example:

If #N/A return 0:

If the lookup value in E1 is not found, the formula returns zero.

=IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2,FALSE )), 0, VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2, FALSE))

If #N/A return blank:

If the lookup value is not found, the formula returns nothing (an empty string).

=IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2,FALSE )), "", VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2, FALSE))

If #N/A return certain text:

If the lookup value is not found, the formula returns specific text.

=IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2,FALSE )), "Not found", VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2, FALSE)) If #N/A error in VLOOKUP

For more formula examples, please see VLOOKUP with IF statement in Excel.

Example 2. IF with SUM, AVERAGE, MIN and MAX functions

To sum cell values based on certain criteria, Excel provides the SUMIF and SUMIFS functions.

In some situations, your business logic may require including the SUM function in the logical test of IF. For example, to return different text labels depending on the sum of the values in B2 and C2, the formula is:

=IF(SUM(B2:C2)>130, "Good", IF(SUM(B2:C2)>110, "Satisfactory", "Poor"))

If the sum is greater than 130, the result is "good"; if greater than 110 – "satisfactory', if 110 or lower – "poor". Using the IF function with SUM

In a similar fashion, you can embed the AVERAGE function in the logical test of IF and return different labels based on the average score:

=IF(AVERAGE(B2:C2)>65, "Good", IF(AVERAGE(B2:C2)>55, "Satisfactory", "Poor"))

Assuming the total score is in column D, you can identify the highest and lowest values with the help of the MAX and MIN functions:

=IF(D2=MAX($D$2:$D$10), "Best result", "")

=IF(D2=MAX($D$2:$D$10), "Best result", "")

To have both labels in one column, nest the above functions one into another:

=IF(D2=MAX($D$2:$D$10), "Best result", IF(D2=MIN($D$2:$D$10), "Worst result", "")) Using IF together with the MIN and MAX functions

Likewise, you can use IF together with your custom functions. For example, you can combine it with GetCellColor or GetCellFontColor to return different results based on a cell color.

In addition, Excel provides a number of functions to calculate data based on conditions. For detailed formula examples, please check out the following tutorials:

  • COUNTIF - count cells that meet a condition
  • COUNTIFS - count cells with multiple criteria
  • SUMIF - conditionally sum cells
  • SUMIFS - sum cells with multiple criteria

Example 3. IF with ISNUMBER, ISTEXT and ISBLANK

To identify text, numbers and blank cells, Microsoft Excel provides special functions such as ISTEXT, ISNUMBER and ISBLANK. By placing them in the logical tests of three nested IF statements, you can identify all different data types in one go:

=IF(ISTEXT(A2), "Text", IF(ISNUMBER(A2), "Number", IF(ISBLANK(A2), "Blank", ""))) IF with ISNUMBER, ISTEXT and ISBLANK

Example 4. IF and CONCATENATE

To output the result of IF and some text into one cell, use the CONCATENATE or CONCAT (in Excel 2016 - 365) and IF functions together. For example:

=CONCATENATE("You performed ", IF(B1>100,"fantastic!", IF(B1>50, "well", "poor")))

=CONCAT("You performed ", IF(B1>100,"fantastic!", IF(B1>50, "well", "poor")))

Looking at the screenshot below, you'll hardly need any explanation of what the formula does: Using IF and CONCATENATE

IF ISERROR / ISNA formula in Excel

The modern versions of Excel have special functions to trap errors and replace them with another calculation or predefined value - IFERROR (in Excel 2007 and later) and IFNA (in Excel 2013 and later). In earlier Excel versions, you can use the IF ISERROR and IF ISNA combinations instead.

The difference is that IFERROR and ISERROR handle all possible Excel errors, including #VALUE!, #N/A, #NAME?, #REF!, #NUM!, #DIV/0!, and #NULL!. While IFNA and ISNA specialize solely in #N/A errors.

For example, to replace the "divide by zero" error (#DIV/0!) with your custom text, you can use the following formula:

=IF(ISERROR(A2/B2), "N/A", A2/B2) Using IF together with ISERROR

And that's all I have to say about using the IF function in Excel. I thank you for reading and hope to see you on our blog next week!

Practice workbook for download

Excel IF multiple criteria - examples (.xlsx file)

Table of contents

4538 comments

  1. Hi Alex,

    Need your assistance with the formula for the below situation.

    Instance: We have 2 products both are dependent on each for their availability.

    If both the products are available then the Text should return as "A"
    If either of them or both products not available then the text should return as "X"

  2. i'm trying to make a formula to assign weight in grams based on a column that has named formats for record albums..
    examples as follows
    LP / 600
    2LP / 1000
    3LP / 1660
    4LP / 2000
    10" / 500
    7" / 300
    2x7" / 400
    3x7" / 500
    2x10" / 660

  3. Ooops forgot the last formula

    =IF(AND(E7<0,F7="n"),-100/E7*10)

  4. Hello, I have a problem I am trying to solve that has 4 separate calculations to produce an answer based on 4 different criteria which are as follows:
    Team wins and ML+
    Team wins and ML-
    Team loses and ML+
    Team loses and ML-

    The calculations I have for each of these conditions are working independently and are producing the correct answer in the cell, what I can not figure out is how to string all of these calculations together in one cell to produce the one correct answer.

    Here are the independent formulas I have:
    =IF(AND(E4>0,F4="y"),10*E4/100)
    =IF(AND(E40,F4="n"),-10)
    =IF(AND(E4<0,F4="n"),-100/E4*10)

    Thank you for your help!

      • I used the following and get an Excel message, "There's a problem with this formula"

        =IF(AND(E16>0,F16="y"),10*E16/100), IF(AND(E160,F16="n"),-10), IF(AND(E16<0,F16="n"),-100/E16*10))))

        I also tried the IFS example as well with the same error.
        Do you see what could be the problem with it? Thanks

        • Hi! Look at the formula I gave you and read the recommended instructions carefully. Do not use unnecessary brackets.

          =IF(AND(E16>0,F16="y"),10*E16/100,IF(AND(E160,F16="n"),-10,IF(AND(E16<0,F16="n"),-100/E16*10)))

          • Thank you so much! I had some syntax errors that it took a while to figure out, but I now have my cell calculating all 4 scenarios as I wish.

  5. Hi,
    I have a table that contains the following columns, quantity, unit price, cost and type of transaction (Buy and Sell). I want to create a formula to calculate the cost =(Qty*Unit price) provided that if the type of transaction is (Buy), the calculation should be with a minus sign and if it is sold calculation would be positive.
    Thanks in advance for helping..

  6. Hello! I am trying to come up with a nested IF formula with BOTH if and If(AND, but I cannot get it to work and am not sure if it is possible. Let's say I am trying to assign a score to the below combinations of grades:

    IF ONE OR MORE "A", THEN "01"
    IF ONE OR MORE "B", THEN "02"
    IF ONE OR MORE "C", THEN "03"
    IF ONE OR MORE "B" AND ONE OR MORE "C", THEN "04"
    IF ONE OR MORE "D", THEN "05"
    IF ONE OR MORE "D" AND ONE OR MORE "B" THEN "06"
    IF ONE OR MORE "E" THEN "07"
    ELSE "00"

    Can this be done? Thank you!

    • I am sorry I forgot to mention, the grades will be in a single table column, so will be searching for the grades in "Sheet1!E:E" for example. I can things to work with the help of your article for most cases but not in this way. Any help is much appreciated. Thank you!

  7. Hi there! I hope you can help me. I know that an IF statement needs to be used for this but i am having a hard time how to do it. Here is the example:

    IF BMI IS GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO 1.0% THE RESULT IS 35 pts, IF BMI IS IN BETWEEN 0.4% AND 0.99% THE RESULTS IS 30 pts, IF BMI IS IN BETWEEN 0.1% AND 0.39% THE RESULT IS 25 pts, IF BMI IS EQUAL TO 0% THE RESULT IS 20 pts AND I F BMI IS LOWER THAN 0 THE RESULT IS 0 pts.

    I hope its not that complicated and I hope you can share your knowledge with excel to us, Soon.

    Best,
    James

  8. Hi, I was hoping you could help. I need a formula which looks at whether monies have been receipted promptly. Cell (F13) prescribes if monies received by EFT or Cash. If received by cash then then should have been banked by 2 days (Cell I13 is the date variance between bank and receipt date). If received by EFT then should have been receipted by 5 days (based on cell I13). This is what I was trying but came up with a 'value' return.

    =IF(F13="CASH",IF(I13<2,"Yes","No")), IF(F13="EFT",IF(I13<-5,"Yes","No"""))

    • Hi!
      If I understand your task correctly, try the following formula:

      =IF(F13="CASH",IF(I13<2,"Yes","No"),IF(F13="EFT",IF(I13<5,"Yes","No")))

      • Thank you so much Alexander ! You have been so helpful. I feel I was close :)

  9. Hi,

    Hoping you can help, I've tried a few ways but struggling.
    I have a column C consisting of a drop down of pass/fail with the percentage of passes at the bottom using COUNTIF( C2:C21, "Pass")÷COUNTA( C2:C21).
    Column D identifies from a drop down, on which attempt the pass happened (first, second, third etc).
    I would like the bottom of Column D to provide the percentage of first time passes so if a "Pass" from Column C has been achieved, what percentage of those were a 'First" from Column D.

    I tried inserting a third column (E) and using =IF(AND(C2="pass", D2="first"), "Yes", "No") then calculating the percentage of Yes to No's but it isn't actuate For example, based on the below information, it identifies the one "yes" so gives me 25% first time pass when it's actually 50% because there's only two people attempted it.

    B C D E
    Bob Pass First Yes
    Fred Fail First No
    Fred Fail Second No
    Fred Fail Third No
    25%

    Hopefully that makes sense and what I'm after is achievable!
    Thank you!

  10. Hello. Will an IF scenario work with a dropdown box? For example: B3 has options to select from in a dropdown box and I need to put a mileage rate based on which option is chosen in B3 into cell H3.

    So if one of 3 options in B3 are selected, the mileage rate would be 0.40 but if one of another set of 3 options are selected, the mileage rate would be 0.45.

    I hope this makes sense. Any help would be greatly appreciated!

  11. Hi
    I have a query- In one sheet(a) I have dump data which contains- multiple voucher numbers , dates, descriptions and account numbers.
    If account number contains 4148 all details should move to one sheet-b, if account number contains 4149 all details should move to sheet-c, if acc num has 4147 then it should move to sheet- d.
    Could you please help out to move with formula or macro??

    Thank you

  12. Hi Alexander,

    I have a 4 digit text data in column B, i need to achieve that if starting two digit of text are DL or LG or SS or may be some other words i want the answer as LCC otherwise Nothing. I tried following formula for data in column B but unable to achieve the result. could you try and assist on the same.

    =IF(OR(LEFT(B11,2)="DL","LG","SS"),"LCC","")

    Irfan

  13. I have a row of identifiers - 1ST, 2ND, 3RD, ETC....(total of 12 identifiers in 12 separate cells) I want to build a formula that basically states if the row/cell below the cell identifier has an "x" then pick up the identifier above it... is this possible?

  14. Pls I have this Excel file i used Match And Index with positions but whenever there is bracket or a tigh in position, the match and index function brings up only one name.

  15. Hi, can any give me a solution...how can i write this fourmula, [ IF B7=ASIA, RESULT IS 5,6, 12 & 13, ELSE, 'WRONG INPUT' ]

    • You didn't really specify what "5,6, 12 & 13" represents, but if it is a literal string, then:

      =IF(B7="ASIA","5, 6, 12 & 13","WRONG INPUT")

  16. Hi,

    Can I have one column containing percentages and another column that contains due dates. How do I write an if statement that will look at today's date and return the % relating to the last date before the current date?

  17. Hello, I am trying to return different results by doing a simple division of 2 numbers. To simplify here are the results I would like to get with K18 being the numerator and K20 being the denominator.

    If K200 the result is "Infinite"
    If K20<0 AND K180 AND K18>0 the result is K18/K20
    If K20>0 AND K18<0 the result is K18/K20

    Thank you for your help, I can't seem to get the formula to work!

    • When I posted everything got messed up, I spelled it out a bit more here. Hopefully this works

      If K20 is less than 0 AND K18 is greater than 0 the result is "Infinite"
      If K20 is less than 0 AND K18 is less than 0 the result is K18/ABS(K20)
      If K20 is greater than 0 AND K18 is greater than 0 the result is K18/K20
      If K20 Is greater than 0 AND K18 is less than 0 the result is K18/K20

  18. Hi, I'm trying to post a thread to ask about =IFS, where the data needs to have a range e.g. AB-AH =Income, AI-AM = Staff Costs etc, is this able to be done rather than writing in each command individually? As I'm not sure the whole formula would fit. Many thanks

    • Current Formula =IFS(LEFT(I2,1)="A","Income",LEFT(I2,1)="B","Costs",LEFT(I2,1)="E","Staff",LEFT(I2,1)="P","Capital Projects",LEFT(I2,1)="Z","Depreciation")

      But I need to input so that it has ranges AA-AK = Income so it will look up 2 characters instead of 1, but there would be hundreds if I have to include them individually, and I'd rather not use a lookup for each specific code if I can

  19. Hello, I have a data that has 8000 rows and two columns. I want to extract every 60th row (rows 60, 120, 180, 240...) so that I can create a graph. How do I do it? Thanks.

  20. I am trying to compare two cells with multiple possible standards in each and make a determination based off the values in the cells. I have a formula that works for one cell, but I need to compare two cells and grade based off both values. I'm trying to compare both cells M4 and L4 with the criteria below:

    =IF(K4<=9,"Exceptional",IF(K4<=19,"Exceeds",IF(K450,"Needs Improvement")))) =IF(L4=0,"Exceptional",IF(L4<=9,"Exceeds",IF(L4<=9,"Meets Minimum",IF(L420,"Unsatisfactory")))))

    Is there a way to combine these into one function?

    • sorry, the spacing between the formulas didn't pull over:

      =IF(K4<=9,"Exceptional",IF(K450,"Needs Improvement"))))

      =IF(L4=0,"Exceptional",IF(L4<=9,"Exceeds",IF(L420,"Unsatisfactory")))))

    • Hi!
      It is not possible to understand the conditions you want to test from your formula. Your formula uses 2 and 4 cells and there is no M4 cell. Describe the problem more clearly.

Post a comment



Thank you for your comment!
When posting a question, please be very clear and concise. This will help us provide a quick and relevant solution to
your query. We cannot guarantee that we will answer every question, but we'll do our best :)