by The tutorial shows how to create multiple IF statements in Excel with AND as well as OR logic. Also, you will learn how to use IF together with other Excel functions.
In the first part of our Excel IF tutorial, we looked at how to construct a simple IF statement with one condition for text, numbers, dates, blanks and non-blanks. For powerful data analysis, however, you may often need to evaluate multiple conditions at a time. The below formula examples will show you the most effective ways to do this.
How to use IF function with multiple conditions
In essence, there are two types of the IF formula with multiple criteria based on the AND / OR logic. Consequently, in the logical test of your IF formula, you should use one of these functions:
- AND function - returns TRUE if all the conditions are met; FALSE otherwise.
- OR function - returns TRUE if any single condition is met; FALSE otherwise.
To better illustrate the point, let's investigate some real-life formulas examples.
Excel IF statement with multiple conditions (AND logic)
The generic formula of Excel IF with two or more conditions is this:
Translated into a human language, the formula says: If condition 1 is true AND condition 2 is true, return value_if_true; else return value_if_false.
Suppose you have a table listing the scores of two tests in columns B and C. To pass the final exam, a student must have both scores greater than 50.
For the logical test, you use the following AND statement: AND(B2>50, C2>50)
If both conditions are true, the formula will return "Pass"; if any condition is false - "Fail".
=IF(AND(B2>50, B2>50), "Pass", "Fail")
Easy, isn't it? The screenshot below proves that our Excel IF /AND formula works right:
In a similar manner, you can use the Excel IF function with multiple text conditions.
For instance, to output "Good" if both B2 and C2 are greater than 50, "Bad" otherwise, the formula is:
=IF(AND(B2="pass", C2="pass"), "Good!", "Bad")
Important note! The AND function checks all the conditions, even if the already tested one(s) evaluated to FALSE. Such behavior is a bit unusual since in most of programming languages, subsequent conditions are not tested if any of the previous tests has returned FALSE.
In practice, a seemingly correct IF statement may result in an error because of this specificity. For example, the below formula would return #DIV/0! ("divide by zero" error) if cell A2 is equal to 0:
=IF(AND(A2<>0, (1/A2)>0.5),"Good", "Bad")
The avoid this, you should use a nested IF function:
=IF(A2<>0, IF((1/A2)>0.5, "Good", "Bad"), "Bad")
For more information, please see IF AND formula in Excel.
Excel IF function with multiple conditions (OR logic)
To do one thing if any condition is met, otherwise do something else, use this combination of the IF and OR functions:
The difference from the IF / AND formula discussed above is that Excel returns TRUE if any of the specified conditions is true.
So, if in the previous formula, we use OR instead of AND:
=IF(OR(B2>50, B2>50), "Pass", "Fail")
Then anyone who has more than 50 points in either exam will get "Pass" in column D. With such conditions, our students have a better chance to pass the final exam (Yvette being particularly unlucky failing by just 1 point :)
Tip. In case you are creating a multiple IF statement with text and testing a value in one cell with the OR logic (i.e. a cell can be "this" or "that"), then you can build a more compact formula using an array constant.
For example, to mark a sale as "closed" if cell B2 is either "delivered" or "paid", the formula is:
=IF(OR(B2={"delivered", "paid"}), "Closed", "")
More formula examples can be found in Excel IF OR function.
IF with multiple AND & OR statements
If your task requires evaluating several sets of multiple conditions, you will have to utilize both AND & OR functions at a time.
In our sample table, suppose you have the following criteria for checking the exam results:
- Condition 1: exam1>50 and exam2>50
- Condition 2: exam1>40 and exam2>60
If either of the conditions is met, the final exam is deemed passed.
At first sight, the formula seems a little tricky, but in fact it is not! You just express each of the above conditions as an AND statement and nest them in the OR function (since it's not necessary to meet both conditions, either will suffice):
OR(AND(B2>50, C2>50), AND(B2>40, C2>60)
Then, use the OR function for the logical test of IF and supply the desired value_if_true and value_if_false values. As the result, you get the following IF formula with multiple AND / OR conditions:
=IF(OR(AND(B2>50, C2>50), AND(B2>40, C2>60), "Pass", "Fail")
The screenshot below indicates that we've done the formula right:
Naturally, you are not limited to using only two AND/OR functions in your IF formulas. You can use as many of them as your business logic requires, provided that:
- In Excel 2007 and higher, you have no more than 255 arguments, and the total length of the IF formula does not exceed 8,192 characters.
- In Excel 2003 and lower, there are no more than 30 arguments, and the total length of your IF formula does not exceed 1,024 characters.
Nested IF statement to check multiple logical tests
If you want to evaluate multiple logical tests within a single formula, then you can nest several functions one into another. Such functions are called nested IF functions. They prove particularly useful when you wish to return different values depending on the logical tests' results.
Here's a typical example: suppose you want to qualify the students' achievements as "Good", "Satisfactory" and "Poor" based on the following scores:
- Good: 60 or more (>=60)
- Satisfactory: between 40 and 60 (>40 and <60)
- Poor: 40 or less (<=40)
Before writing a formula, consider the order of functions you are going to nest. Excel will evaluate the logical tests in the order they appear in the formula. Once a condition evaluates to TRUE, the subsequent conditions are not tested, meaning the formula stops after the first TRUE result.
In our case, the functions are arranged from largest to smallest:
=IF(B2>=60, "Good", IF(B2>40, "Satisfactory", "Poor"))
Naturally, you can nest more functions if needed (up to 64 in modern versions).
For more information, please see How to use multiple nested IF statements in Excel.
Excel IF array formula with multiple conditions
Another way to get an Excel IF to test multiple conditions is by using an array formula.
To evaluate conditions with the AND logic, use the asterisk:
To test conditions with the OR logic, use the plus sign:
To complete an array formula correctly, press the Ctrl + Shift + Enter keys together. In Excel 365 and Excel 2021, this also works as a regular formula due to support for dynamic arrays.
For example, to get "Pass" if both B2 and C2 are greater than 50, the formula is:
=IF((B2>50) * (C2>50), "Pass", "Fail")
In my Excel 365, a normal formula works just fine (as you can see in the screenshots above). In Excel 2019 and lower, remember to make it an array formula by using the Ctrl + Shift + Enter shortcut.
To evaluate multiple conditions with the OR logic, the formula is:
=IF((B2>50) + (C2>50), "Pass", "Fail")
Using IF together with other functions
This section explains how to use IF in combination with other Excel functions and what benefits this gives to you.
Example 1. If #N/A error in VLOOKUP
When VLOOKUP or other lookup function cannot find something, it returns a #N/A error. To make your tables look nicer, you can return zero, blank, or specific text if #N/A. For this, use this generic formula:
For example:
If #N/A return 0:
If the lookup value in E1 is not found, the formula returns zero.
=IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2,FALSE )), 0, VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2, FALSE))
If #N/A return blank:
If the lookup value is not found, the formula returns nothing (an empty string).
=IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2,FALSE )), "", VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2, FALSE))
If #N/A return certain text:
If the lookup value is not found, the formula returns specific text.
=IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2,FALSE )), "Not found", VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2, FALSE))
For more formula examples, please see VLOOKUP with IF statement in Excel.
Example 2. IF with SUM, AVERAGE, MIN and MAX functions
To sum cell values based on certain criteria, Excel provides the SUMIF and SUMIFS functions.
In some situations, your business logic may require including the SUM function in the logical test of IF. For example, to return different text labels depending on the sum of the values in B2 and C2, the formula is:
=IF(SUM(B2:C2)>130, "Good", IF(SUM(B2:C2)>110, "Satisfactory", "Poor"))
If the sum is greater than 130, the result is "good"; if greater than 110 – "satisfactory', if 110 or lower – "poor".
In a similar fashion, you can embed the AVERAGE function in the logical test of IF and return different labels based on the average score:
=IF(AVERAGE(B2:C2)>65, "Good", IF(AVERAGE(B2:C2)>55, "Satisfactory", "Poor"))
Assuming the total score is in column D, you can identify the highest and lowest values with the help of the MAX and MIN functions:
=IF(D2=MAX($D$2:$D$10), "Best result", "")
=IF(D2=MAX($D$2:$D$10), "Best result", "")
To have both labels in one column, nest the above functions one into another:
=IF(D2=MAX($D$2:$D$10), "Best result", IF(D2=MIN($D$2:$D$10), "Worst result", ""))
Likewise, you can use IF together with your custom functions. For example, you can combine it with GetCellColor or GetCellFontColor to return different results based on a cell color.
In addition, Excel provides a number of functions to calculate data based on conditions. For detailed formula examples, please check out the following tutorials:
Example 3. IF with ISNUMBER, ISTEXT and ISBLANK
To identify text, numbers and blank cells, Microsoft Excel provides special functions such as ISTEXT, ISNUMBER and ISBLANK. By placing them in the logical tests of three nested IF statements, you can identify all different data types in one go:
=IF(ISTEXT(A2), "Text", IF(ISNUMBER(A2), "Number", IF(ISBLANK(A2), "Blank", "")))
Example 4. IF and CONCATENATE
To output the result of IF and some text into one cell, use the CONCATENATE or CONCAT (in Excel 2016 - 365) and IF functions together. For example:
=CONCATENATE("You performed ", IF(B1>100,"fantastic!", IF(B1>50, "well", "poor")))
=CONCAT("You performed ", IF(B1>100,"fantastic!", IF(B1>50, "well", "poor")))
Looking at the screenshot below, you'll hardly need any explanation of what the formula does:
IF ISERROR / ISNA formula in Excel
The modern versions of Excel have special functions to trap errors and replace them with another calculation or predefined value - IFERROR (in Excel 2007 and later) and IFNA (in Excel 2013 and later). In earlier Excel versions, you can use the IF ISERROR and IF ISNA combinations instead.
The difference is that IFERROR and ISERROR handle all possible Excel errors, including #VALUE!, #N/A, #NAME?, #REF!, #NUM!, #DIV/0!, and #NULL!. While IFNA and ISNA specialize solely in #N/A errors.
For example, to replace the "divide by zero" error (#DIV/0!) with your custom text, you can use the following formula:
=IF(ISERROR(A2/B2), "N/A", A2/B2)
And that's all I have to say about using the IF function in Excel. I thank you for reading and hope to see you on our blog next week!
Practice workbook for download
Excel IF multiple criteria - examples (.xlsx file)
4538 comments
I'm trying to make a Trading Card spreadsheet with lookup pulldowns. how would you use a IF, THEN statement to have, for example: cell A1=(RNA) cell A2=(Ravnica Allegiance), work so that if I type the abbreviation (RNA), (Ravnica Allegiance) shows up. i know i can add the Abbrev. to the list but i have over 123 with one or two added a year. Any help would be great
Hey,
I was wondering how I would be able to make a formula that read; "If these 2 cells equal in value (locator column), then subtracts these amounts (Amounts column), and if the differnece is more than 3, then it is "unbalanced".
Could you help me?
Thanks in Advanced!
I am trying to do an "IF" statement that says put only fields with information and exclude the #N/A in the list.
Please assist.
could you help me out with a formula or a way of getting this done I have:
-----
Work hrs: 40
OT Hrs: 25
What I am trying to do is separate the OT hrs in doubles and triples
----
Doubles 9 hrs
Triples 16 Hrs
----
but the doubles are only to be cap at 9 hrs but if doubles are less than 9 to show the actual value, and if grater than 9 to be max at 9,
and of course triples would show what remaining from the total OT Hrs subtracting the Double OT hrs, and if less than Double OT hrs to be shown as blank....
Thank you guys in advance...♠☻
Hi all,
I am after a formula solution for my spreadsheet, column C has a list of numbers and column B has a time stamp. Column A has a date stamp, I need formula to look at column C match the date in column A and look at time stamp. Anything under a minute for this criteria gets highlighted or even better deleted. As per below it will leave the first line and delete or highlight the last 2 as duplicates (only both being under a minute of the first).
12/03/2019 10:15:29 11
12/03/2019 10:16:15 11
12/03/2019 10:16:24 11
Thank you in advance
Hey I am a QC engineer. Out of the lot i pick 3 samples and inspect it as per the Design, give the result as " OK" OR "NOT OK", based on following conditions
1. "Ok" if All 3 samples conforms to design
2. " ok" if any 2 sample out of 3 confirms to design
1. "Not ok" if any 1 sample only satisfies design out of 3
2." NOT ok", If all 3 samples doesn't satisfy design conditions
please suggest One formula which looks into ALL THE ABOVE CONDITIONS & gives the result as "OK" or "Not ok" automatically once i enter the 3 sample inspected values. i would be forever great full if i get the formula.
Pl help me out with a formula in a cell which contains different combination of letter, and letters has some numbers assigned.
For example, if we write CCT2 in a cell,
where "C" and "T2" are 10 and 20 respectively.
Then, pl help with the formula which will result in the total value of the cell
Like for CCT2 it should write = (10+10+20) = "40"
similarly for other combination like "CT2CT2" it should give (10+20+10+20) = "60"
Like this some more combination are there viz.. CCT2CCT2, CT2CT2 and so-on.
S,Q,N,O are amount fileds. and below are conditions for my requirement.
if s>0 then z=s and aa='o',
if q>0 thenz=q and aa='y',
if n>0 then z=n and aa='f',
if o>0 then z=o and aa='l'.
Can anyone help me with the code. Thank you
I want the formula for this
cut length = 2.750m
choices 6.0m, 7.50m, 9.0m, 10.5m and 12.0m
choose the least wastage in the choices.
Excel if formula for IF A2 is greater than B2 then B2 minus A1 * 12%
Hi,
Col.1 Col.2 Col.3 Col.4 Col.5
Lisa 1,000 USD EUR
Lisa 800 EUR
How do I get 800 to Col.4, Row 1 please?
Hi Svetlana Cheusheva,
I Need help for Formula as below
if there count is 0 to 5 it is come below 5
if there count is 6 to 10 it is come 6 - 10
if there count is 11 to 15 it is come 11-15
if there count is >16 it is come Above 16
I need help writing a formula that will look at the text value in one column and then the numeric value in another column and tell me if it met target or not. Here's what logic I want...
If text in A2 is "Tier 1" and the value in F2 is <=3 then I want it to return "Target Met" and if not then "Target Not Met"
Or
If text in A2 is "Tier 2" and the value in F2 is <=7 then I want it to return "Target Met", and if not then "Target Not Met"
How can I do this? Thanks!
=IF(OR(AND(B4="TIER1",C4<=3),AND(B4="TIER2",C4<=7)),"TARGET MET","TARGET NOT MET")
Dear Mam,
i want to below table blank (yellow color) cells in value column , so please reply me in email with solution.
I'm trying to combine and OR statement with an AND statement:
=IF((OR(ProductLine="ALT", ProductLine="OEM", ProductLine="TEK", ProductLine="VWR")),"OEM",IF(LEFT(ProductLine,1)="Z","Custom","Stock"))
That statement above works perfectly. BUT I need to add one more statement to this formula where product line =NCI then populate "Custom". Something like this: IF(ProductLine="NCI","Custom","Custom". But I cant combine them correctly!!!
Hi, I need your help to write a function with this condition
They condition are
(Payment, Invoice, credit memo, approved expenses) list in a drop-down
1. if payment, the value be reduced from the opening balance
2. if invoice, the value be added to the opening balance
3. also "Credit Memo" and "Approved Expenses"
Pls, I need help. How do I input "deduct 200 for all values lesser than 5000 and 300 for values greater than 5000 on an excel sheet?
Pls, I need help. How do I input "deduct 200 for all values 5000
Column 1 column 2 column 3
Site 1 2 45% 7
Site 2 3 85% 0
Site 3 2 45% 8
Site 4 4 100% 0
Site 5 1 35% 7
In the above table I need a formula where in I want to get my answer in terms of site 3. Condition is that if column 1 has two sites (1 and 3) having same number, then compare the values of those two sites (1 and 3) in column 2, if the value there is also same then compare the value of to sites(1 and 3) in column three and get the max number as the answer. If the value is not same in coloum 2 and 3 of site (1 and 3) then compare the max value of both the site within each colum and get the answer.
I need a formula where the conditions are if there are 2 equal number in column 1, then consider max of the rows having equal number from column 2, if those 2 rows having equal number in columns 1 and same two rows having equal number in column 2 then consider the max value of the representing rows from column 1 and 2.