by The first part of our tutorial focuses of formatting dates in Excel and explains how to set the default date and time formats, how to change date format in Excel, how to create custom date formatting, and convert your dates to another locale.
Along with numbers, dates and times are the most common data types people use in Excel. However, they may be quite confusing to work with, firstly, because the same date can be displayed in Excel in a variety of ways, and secondly, because Excel always internally stores dates in the same format regardless of how you have formatted a date in a given cell.
Knowing the Excel date formats a little in depth can help you save a ton of your time. And this is exactly the aim of our comprehensive tutorial to working with dates in Excel. In the first part, we will be focusing on the following features:
Excel date format
Before you can take advantage of powerful Excel date features, you have to understand how Microsoft Excel stores dates and times, because this is the main source of confusion. While you would expect Excel to remember the day, month and the year for a date, that's not how it works...
Excel stores dates as sequential numbers and it is only a cell's formatting that causes a number to be displayed as a date, time, or date and time.
Dates in Excel
All dates are stored as integers representing the number of days since January 1, 1900, which is stored as number 1, to December 31, 9999 stored as 2958465.
In this system:
- 2 is 2-Jan-1900
- 3 is 3-Jan-1900
- 42005 is 1-Jan-2015 (because it is 42,005 days after January 1, 1900)
Time in Excel
Times are stored in Excel as decimals, between .0 and .99999, that represent a proportion of the day where .0 is 00:00:00 and .99999 is 23:59:59.
For example:
- 0.25 is 06:00 AM
- 0.5 is 12:00 PM
- 0.541655093 is 12:59:59 PM
Dates & Times in Excel
Excel stores dates and times as decimal numbers comprised of an integer representing the date and a decimal portion representing the time.
For example:
- 1.25 is January 1, 1900 6:00 AM
- 42005.5 is January 1, 2015 12:00 PM
How to convert date to number in Excel
If you want to know what serial number represents a certain date or time displayed in a cell, you can do this in two ways.
1. Format Cells dialog
Select the cell with a date in Excel, press Ctrl+1 to open the Format Cells window and switch to the General tab.
If you just want to know the serial number behind the date, without actually converting date to number, write down the number you see under Sample and click Cancel to close the window. If you want to replace the date with the number in a cell, click OK.
2. Excel DATEVALUE and TIMEVALUE functions
Use the DATEVALUE() function to convert an Excel date to a serial number, for example =DATEVALUE("1/1/2015").
Use the TIMEVALUE() function to get the decimal number representing the time, for example =TIMEVALUE("6:30 AM").
To know both, date and time, concatenate these two functions in the following way:
=DATEVALUE("1/1/2015") & TIMEVALUE("6:00 AM")
Note. Since Excel's serial numbers begins on January 1, 1900 and negative numbers aren't recognized, dates prior to the year 1900 are not supported in Excel.
If you enter such a date in a sheet, say 12/31/1899, it will be a text value rather than a date, meaning that you cannot perform usual date arithmetic on early dates. To make sure, you can type the formula =DATEVALUE("12/31/1899") in some cell, and you will get an anticipated result - the #VALUE! error.
If you are dealing with date and time values and you'd like to convert time to decimal number, please check out the formulas described in this tutorial: How to convert time to decimal number in Excel.
Default date format in Excel
When you work with dates in Excel, the short and long date formats are retrieved from your Windows Regional settings. These default formats are marked with an asterisk (*) in the Format Cell dialog window:
The default date and time formats in the Format Cell box change as soon as you change the date and time settings in Control Panel, which leads us right to the next section.
How to change the default date and time formats in Excel
If you want to set a different default date and/or time formats on your computer, for example change the USA date format to the UK style, go to Control panel and click Region and Language. If in your Control panel opens in Category view, then click Clock, Language, and Region > Region and Language > Change the date, time, or number format.
On the Formats tab, choose the region under Format, and then set the date and time formatting by clicking on an arrow next to the format you want to change and selecting the desired one from the drop-down list:
Tip. If you are not sure what different codes (such as mmm, ddd, yyy) mean, click the "What does the notation mean" link under the Date and time formats section, or check the Custom Excel date formats in this tutorial.
If you are not happy with any time and date format available on the Formats tab, click the Additional settings button in the lower right-hand side of the Region and Language dialog window. This will open the Customize dialog, where you switch to the Date tab and enter a custom short or/and long date format in the corresponding box.
How to quickly apply default date and time formatting in Excel
Microsoft Excel has two default formats for dates and time - short and long, as explained in default Excel date format.
To quickly change date format in Excel to the default formatting, do the following:
- Select the dates you want to format.
- On the Home tab, in the Number group, click the little arrow next to the Number Format box, and select the desired format - short date, long date or time.
If you want more date formatting options, either select More Number Formats from the drop-down list or click the Dialog Box Launcher next to Number. This will open a familiar Format Cells dialog and you can change date format there.
Tip. If you want to quickly set date format in Excel to dd-mmm-yy, press Ctrl+Shift+#. Just keep in mind that this shortcut always applies the dd-mmm-yy format, like 01-Jan-15, regardless of your Windows Region settings.
How to change date format in Excel
In Microsoft Excel, dates can be displayed in a variety of ways. When it comes to changing date format of a given cell or range of cells, the easiest way is to open the Format Cells dialog and choose one of the predefined formats.
- Select the dates whose format your want to change, or empty cells where you want to insert dates.
- Press Ctrl+1 to open the Format Cells dialog. Alternatively, you can right click the selected cells and choose Format Cells… from the context menu.
- In the Format Cells window, switch to the Number tab, and select Date in the Category list.
- Under Type, pick a desired date format. Once you do this, the Sample box will display the format preview with the first date in your selected data.
- If you are happy for the preview, click the OK button to save the format change and close the window.
If the date format is not changing in your Excel sheet, most likely your dates are formatted as text and you have to convert them to the date format first.
How to convert date format to another locale
Once you've got a file full of foreign dates and you would most likely want to change them to the date format used in your part of the world. Let's say, you want to convert an American date format (month/day/year) to a European style format (day/month/year).
The easiest way to change date format in Excel based on how another language displays dates is as follows:
- Select the column of dates you want to convert to another locale.
- Press Ctrl+1 to open the Format Cells
- Select the language you want under Locale (location) and click OK to save the change.
If you want the dates to be displayed in another language, then you will have to create a custom date format with a locale code.
Creating a custom date format in Excel
If none of the predefined Excel date formats is suitable for you, you are free to create your own.
- In an Excel sheet, select the cells you want to format.
- Press Ctrl+1 to open the Format Cells dialog.
- On the Number tab, select Custom from the Category list and type the date format you want in the Type box.
- Click OK to save the changes.
Tip. The easiest way to set a custom date format in Excel is to start from an existing format close to what you want. To do this, click Date in the Category list first, and select one of existing formats under Type. After that click Custom and make changes to the format displayed in the Type box.
When setting up a custom date format in Excel, you can use the following codes.
| Code | Description | Example (January 1, 2005) |
| m | Month number without a leading zero | 1 |
| mm | Month number with a leading zero | 01 |
| mmm | Month name, short form | Jan |
| mmmm | Month name, full form | January |
| mmmmm | Month as the first letter | J (stands for January, June and July) |
| d | Day number without a leading zero | 1 |
| dd | Day number with a leading zero | 01 |
| ddd | Day of the week, short form | Mon |
| dddd | Day of the week, full form | Monday |
| yy | Year (last 2 digits) | 05 |
| yyyy | Year (4 digits) | 2005 |
When setting up a custom time format in Excel, you can use the following codes.
| Code | Description | Displays as |
| h | Hours without a leading zero | 0-23 |
| hh | Hours with a leading zero | 00-23 |
| m | Minutes without a leading zero | 0-59 |
| mm | Minutes with a leading zero | 00-59 |
| s | Seconds without a leading zero | 0-59 |
| ss | Seconds with a leading zero | 00-59 |
| AM/PM | Periods of the day (if omitted, 24-hour time format is used) |
AM or PM |
To set up date and time format, include both date and time units in your format code, e.g. m/d/yyyy h:mm AM/PM. When you use "m" immediately after "hh" or "h" or immediately before "ss" or "s", Excel will display minutes, not a month.
When creating a custom date format in Excel, you can use a comma (,) dash (-), slash (/), colon (:) and other characters.
For example, the same date and time, say January 13, 2015 13:03, can be displayed in a various ways:
| Format | Displays as |
| dd-mmm-yy | 13-Jan-15 |
| mm/dd/yyyy | 01/13/2015 |
| m/dd/yy | 1/13/15 |
| dddd, m/d/yy h:mm AM/PM | Tuesday, 1/13/15 1:03 PM |
| ddd, mmmm dd, yyyy hh:mm:ss | Tue, January 13, 2015 13:03:00 |
Tip. Using a custom date format, you can easily display the day of the week from date.
How to create a custom Excel date format for another locale
If you want to display dates in another language, you have to create a custom format and prefix a date with a corresponding locale code. The locale code should be enclosed in [square brackets] and preceded with the dollar sign ($) and a dash (-). Here are a few examples:
- [$-409] - English, Untitled States
- [$-1009] - English, Canada
- [$-407] - German, Germany
- [$-807] - German, Switzerland
- [$-804] - Bengali, India
- [$-804] - Chinese, China
- [$-404] - Chinese, Taiwan
You can find the full list of locale codes on this blog.
For example, this is how you set up a custom Excel date format for the Chinese locale in the year-month-day (day of the week) time format:
The following image shows a few examples of the same date formatted with different locale codes in the way traditional for the corresponding languages:
Excel date format not working - fixes and solutions
Usually, Microsoft Excel understands dates very well and you are unlikely to hit any roadblock when working with them. If you happen to have an Excel date format problem, please check out the following troubleshooting tips.
A cell is not wide enough to fit an entire date
If you see a number of pound signs (#####) instead of dates in your Excel worksheet, most likely your cells are not wide enough to fit the whole dates.
Solution. Double-click the right border of the column to resize it to auto fit the dates. Alternatively, you can drag the right border to set the column width you want. For more details, see How to fix #### error in Excel.
Negative numbers are formatted as dates
Hash marks (#####) are also displayed when a cell formatted as a date or time contains a negative value. Usually it's a result returned by some formula, but it may also happen when you type a negative value into a cell and then format that cell as a date.
If you want to display negative numbers as negative dates, two options are available to you:
Solution 1. Switch to the 1904 date system.
Go to File > Options > Advanced, scroll down to the When calculating this workbook section, select the Use 1904 date system check box, and click OK.
In this system, 0 is 1-Jan-1904; 1 is 2-Jan-1904; and -1 is displayed as a negative date -2-Jan-1904.
Of course, such representation is very unusual and takes time to get used to, but this is the right way to go if you want to perform calculations with early dates.
Solution 2. Use the Excel TEXT function.
Another possible way to display negative numbers as negative dates in Excel is using the TEXT function. For example, if you are subtracting C1 from B1 and a value in C1 is greater than in B1, you can use the following formula to output the result in the date format:
=TEXT(ABS(B1-C1),"-d-mmm-yyyy")
You may want to change the cell alignment to right justified, and naturally, you can use any other custom date formats in the TEXT formula.
Note. Unlike the previous solution, the TEXT function returns a text value, that is why you won't be able to use the result in other calculations.
Dates are imported to Excel as text values
When you are importing data to Excel from a .csv file or some other external database, dates are often imported as text values. They may look like normal dates to you, but Excel perceives them as text and treats accordingly.
Solution. You can convert "text dates" to the date format using Excel's DATEVALUE function or Text to Columns feature. Please see the following article for full details: How to convert text to date in Excel.
Tip. If none of the above tips worked for you, then try to remove all formatting and then set the desired date format.
This is how you format dates in Excel. In the next part of our guide, we will discuss various ways of how you can insert dates and times in your Excel worksheets. Thank you for reading and see you next week!
934 comments
We need to change format
From to
04-02-2016 02-04-2016
04-02-2016 02-04-2016
04-04-2016
04-04-2016
04-05-2016
04-05-2016
04-05-2016
04-05-2016
Please help me for the same
Hello Binod,
Select all the cells with your dates, press Ctrl+1, select 'Custom' under Categories, and type the following format in the Type box:
dd-mm-yyyy
Assuming that in "02-04-2016", 02 is the day and 04 is the month.
Hi,
In my country we show the date as yyyy/mm/dd or dd/mm/yyyy. My region is set correctly, but when I input a date such as 1 May, I insert 1/5. The cell automatically changes to 2016-01-05 (which looks like 5 January to me. My settings all appear to be correct.
Any suggestions?
HI,
I HAVE THE FOLLOWING DATE FORMAT
22.05.15
REQUIRE IT TO BE CONVERTED TO
05/22/2015
CAN THIS BE DONE IN EXCEL?
HI,
HELP ME TO CONVERT THE FOLLOWING DATE FORMAT
MY FILE HAS A DATE FORMAT AS 22.05.15
I WANT TO CONVERT THIS AS 05/22/2015
Simple question (I think), I need to display the date as a year and week number (2016-16 for example). I can manage to get the 'today' ok in date format and can get the week-number in a separate cell....how do I get the format I'm looking for, year-week number?
Thanks
Hello
I need to set up a spreadsheet that when opened will put in the date. HOWEVER - it will be printed from 8pm-10pm and will need to be dated the next day's date. Please help.
in my excel sheet i am trying to split month, day, year but there's an issue. some date are typed as mm/dd/yyyy format but some are in dd/mm/yyyy. in first case (mm/dd/yyyy) when i split it works well but those cells that are in dd/mm/yyyy format appear with error. i'll be thankful if someone can help me out.
Hi waqas,
You can try to split the values according to their formats using the CELL function. For example:
=IF(CELL("format", A1)="D1";parse1;parse2)
I have an Excel date that I need to be just the month & year. Although I can format it to mm/yy when the data is entered for example as 10/18 (Oct 2018) Excel changes takes it as to 10/18/16 and shows 10/16. How can I correct this?
Hi Nicole,
This is the default Excel behavior.
Looks like you need a VBA script for this task. Sorry we can't help you with this.
Madam,
I am unable to change the said date 24-08-2016 to 24-08-16, i tried different methods as u said above..i went through cutom typing ddmmyy but still displays the same format, Pls help
Hi sabari,
Please try the following formula:
=TEXT(DATE(INT(MID(A1,7,4)),INT(MID(A1,4,2)),INT(LEFT(A1,2))), "dd-mm-yy")
Where the value "24-08-2016" is in A1.
I have problem changing the format of date.When i am entering 20.03.2016 manually in a cell and substituating "." with "/" and than changing it to with VALUE funtion and then applying TEXT function to get the as 20-March-2016.
I am not getting the solution.
Please provide relevant solution for this.
Hi Atul Kumar,
To be able to assist you better please describe your task in more detail.
How would I change a format of 20160328/222241
into something like: 8-July-15 8:54AM?
thank you
Hi JOY,
Please try the following formula:
=DATE(INT(LEFT(A1, 4)), INT(MID(A1, 5, 2)), INT(MID(A1, 7, 2))) + TIME(MID(A1, 10, 2), MID(A1, 12, 2), MID(A1, 15, 2))
Where the value 20160328/222241 is in A1.
Can anyone help me, Im having difficulties with formatting the date in excel to look the same on all columns, this is the data I have for example:
01-Feb-16
12/31/2015
01-Apr-16
12/29/2015
12/30/2015
12/30/2015
04-Jan-16
12-Jul-15
12/23/2015
01-Apr-16
11/13/2015
01-Apr-16
04-Jan-16
04-Jan-16
04-Jan-16
01-Apr-16
12/15/2015
11/25/2015
12/14/2015
12/30/2015
12/29/2015
01-Apr-16
but I need all the columns to look (example) 20-05-15.
I have tried several things but can not get them all to the same format.
Please help.
Thanks
Hi Marika,
Please select all the columns where you want to change the format. Then right click and select the "Format cells..." option. In the "Format Cells" dialog select the Number tab - Date category, choose the format you want and click OK.
My query is regarding date format. is it possible? if i enter a single number in cell and it show particular date. For example like current month is february 2016.
if i enter 1 then it show 02/01/2016(mm/dd/yyyy)
if i enter 15 then it show 02/15/2016(mm/dd/yyyy)
if i enter 23 then it show 02/23/2016(mm/dd/yyyy)
I just want to enter only one digit and it show me date of this digit with current month.
Hi Kaps,
Please try the following formula:
=DATE(YEAR(TODAY()), MONTH(TODAY()), A1)
Where the day number is in A1.
I have an excel 2013 sheet that has "format as a table" and the top row is headers with a drop down for sorting. A group of column headers are dates and they are formatted as such. However, some of the dates (formated as mm/dd/yy), are throwing an extra number on the end of the date. If I input 02/10/16, it insert 02/10/162 in the cell. How do I fix this? And the sample under Format Cells, Date, mm/dd/yy shows mm/dd/yyy.
Hi Elizabeth,
To help you better, we need a sample table with your data in Excel and the result you want to get. You can email it to support@ablebits.com. Please add the link to this article and your comment number.
Does anyone know how to convert a date in the 20131001 format to a date format of 10/1/2013, or vice versa?
Thanks.
Hi Todd,
Please try the following formulas:
=DATE(INT(LEFT(A1, 4)), INT(MID(A1, 5, 2)), INT(MID(A1, 7, 2)))
=YEAR(A1) & TEXT(MONTH(A1), "00") & TEXT(DAY(A1), "00")
Hello everyone
Does anyone knows how to convert a date in pivot table into a fortnight? For example, 2015-07-09 is the first fortnight and 2015-09-16 is the second fortnight.
Many thanks to you all
Pedro
Hi Pedro,
Please try the following formula:
=ROUNDUP(DAY(A1) / 7, 0)
how to convert datetime to unix time?
Hi santosh,
Please try the following formula:
=(A1-DATE(1970,1,1))*86400
Where the converted datetime is in A1.
Hi Svetlana! I've received a csv file from Shelfari of all the books I've placed on their "shelves" to import into Goodreads, as Shelfari is being taken over by Goodreads; both are Amazon websites. I've been told by Goodreads that I must use a csv file with a date format of yyyyy-mm-dd (they stipulated dashes between numbers rather than slashes) to have my "date read" column import accurately, i.e., show that i read a book on January 12, 2014 instead of December 1, 2014.
After I create a custom date format (yyyy-mm-dd -- but I've also tried yyyy/mm/dd) for the date read column, I save the file as a csv(comma delimited) type and choose "yes" to keep this format but leave out incompatible features. If I choose "no", the changes must be saved in another type/format, but Goodreads needs a csv file so I have to choose yes.
So I choose yes and save as a csv. But when I try to close the file window I get the pop up box: do you want to save the changes you made to the file? (I thought I just had!) and have to answer the box explaining the incompatible features again (I thought I just had!). Whether I choose yes or no to save at this point and whether I use dashes or slashes to separate the numbers, when I reopen the file, the dates are back to the original mm/dd/yyyy format. I'm using Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and am running Windows 10.
I hope you can help me save these dates in the format Goodreads has asked for: yyyy-mm-dd instead of the format Shelfari sent me in the csv file mm/dd/yyyy.
Thanks so much,
Cookie
Hi Cookie,
It's difficult to determine the cause of the problem without seeing the source file. If it does not contain any sensitive information, you can send it to our support team at support@ablebits.com and we will try to fix it.
I was sent a spreadsheet on the date column is has it as 20140207 but I need to change it to 2/7/2014 but when I go to the Format Cell and date and try to change the date format all I get are ########## even if I try to make the cell bigger I get the same thing.
also forgot to mention can't use formulas system I trying to upload information won't accept formulas.
Hello Rizo,
Excel perceives 20140207 as a number and is unable to convert it to a date on its own. That is why you are seeing those hash marks.
Assuming that 02 is a month and 07 is a day, you can use the following formula to convert a number to date:
=DATE(LEFT(A1,4), MID(A1,5,2), RIGHT(A1,2))
The formula returns a serial number representing a date in the internal Excel system. And now, you can open the Format Cells dialog and set the date format you want.
How best can I obtain a number after using the =DATEIF()function for computing the age of an individual