Excel IF statement with multiple conditions

The tutorial shows how to create multiple IF statements in Excel with AND as well as OR logic. Also, you will learn how to use IF together with other Excel functions.

In the first part of our Excel IF tutorial, we looked at how to construct a simple IF statement with one condition for text, numbers, dates, blanks and non-blanks. For powerful data analysis, however, you may often need to evaluate multiple conditions at a time. The below formula examples will show you the most effective ways to do this.

How to use IF function with multiple conditions

In essence, there are two types of the IF formula with multiple criteria based on the AND / OR logic. Consequently, in the logical test of your IF formula, you should use one of these functions:

  • AND function - returns TRUE if all the conditions are met; FALSE otherwise.
  • OR function - returns TRUE if any single condition is met; FALSE otherwise.

To better illustrate the point, let's investigate some real-life formulas examples.

Excel IF statement with multiple conditions (AND logic)

The generic formula of Excel IF with two or more conditions is this:

IF(AND(condition1, condition2, …), value_if_true, value_if_false)

Translated into a human language, the formula says: If condition 1 is true AND condition 2 is true, return value_if_true; else return value_if_false.

Suppose you have a table listing the scores of two tests in columns B and C. To pass the final exam, a student must have both scores greater than 50.

For the logical test, you use the following AND statement: AND(B2>50, C2>50)

If both conditions are true, the formula will return "Pass"; if any condition is false - "Fail".

=IF(AND(B2>50, B2>50), "Pass", "Fail")

Easy, isn't it? The screenshot below proves that our Excel IF /AND formula works right: Excel IF statement with multiple AND conditions

In a similar manner, you can use the Excel IF function with multiple text conditions.

For instance, to output "Good" if both B2 and C2 are greater than 50, "Bad" otherwise, the formula is:

=IF(AND(B2="pass", C2="pass"), "Good!", "Bad") Excel IF function with multiple text conditions

Important note! The AND function checks all the conditions, even if the already tested one(s) evaluated to FALSE. Such behavior is a bit unusual since in most of programming languages, subsequent conditions are not tested if any of the previous tests has returned FALSE.

In practice, a seemingly correct IF statement may result in an error because of this specificity. For example, the below formula would return #DIV/0! ("divide by zero" error) if cell A2 is equal to 0:

=IF(AND(A2<>0, (1/A2)>0.5),"Good", "Bad")

The avoid this, you should use a nested IF function:

=IF(A2<>0, IF((1/A2)>0.5, "Good", "Bad"), "Bad")

For more information, please see IF AND formula in Excel.

Excel IF function with multiple conditions (OR logic)

To do one thing if any condition is met, otherwise do something else, use this combination of the IF and OR functions:

IF(OR(condition1, condition2, …), value_if_true, value_if_false)

The difference from the IF / AND formula discussed above is that Excel returns TRUE if any of the specified conditions is true.

So, if in the previous formula, we use OR instead of AND:

=IF(OR(B2>50, B2>50), "Pass", "Fail")

Then anyone who has more than 50 points in either exam will get "Pass" in column D. With such conditions, our students have a better chance to pass the final exam (Yvette being particularly unlucky failing by just 1 point :) Excel IF function with multiple OR conditions

Tip. In case you are creating a multiple IF statement with text and testing a value in one cell with the OR logic (i.e. a cell can be "this" or "that"), then you can build a more compact formula using an array constant.

For example, to mark a sale as "closed" if cell B2 is either "delivered" or "paid", the formula is:

=IF(OR(B2={"delivered", "paid"}), "Closed", "")

More formula examples can be found in Excel IF OR function.

IF with multiple AND & OR statements

If your task requires evaluating several sets of multiple conditions, you will have to utilize both AND & OR functions at a time.

In our sample table, suppose you have the following criteria for checking the exam results:

  • Condition 1: exam1>50 and exam2>50
  • Condition 2: exam1>40 and exam2>60

If either of the conditions is met, the final exam is deemed passed.

At first sight, the formula seems a little tricky, but in fact it is not! You just express each of the above conditions as an AND statement and nest them in the OR function (since it's not necessary to meet both conditions, either will suffice):

OR(AND(B2>50, C2>50), AND(B2>40, C2>60)

Then, use the OR function for the logical test of IF and supply the desired value_if_true and value_if_false values. As the result, you get the following IF formula with multiple AND / OR conditions:

=IF(OR(AND(B2>50, C2>50), AND(B2>40, C2>60), "Pass", "Fail")

The screenshot below indicates that we've done the formula right: IF with multiple AND & OR statements

Naturally, you are not limited to using only two AND/OR functions in your IF formulas. You can use as many of them as your business logic requires, provided that:

  • In Excel 2007 and higher, you have no more than 255 arguments, and the total length of the IF formula does not exceed 8,192 characters.
  • In Excel 2003 and lower, there are no more than 30 arguments, and the total length of your IF formula does not exceed 1,024 characters.

Nested IF statement to check multiple logical tests

If you want to evaluate multiple logical tests within a single formula, then you can nest several functions one into another. Such functions are called nested IF functions. They prove particularly useful when you wish to return different values depending on the logical tests' results.

Here's a typical example: suppose you want to qualify the students' achievements as "Good", "Satisfactory" and "Poor" based on the following scores:

  • Good: 60 or more (>=60)
  • Satisfactory: between 40 and 60 (>40 and <60)
  • Poor: 40 or less (<=40)

Before writing a formula, consider the order of functions you are going to nest. Excel will evaluate the logical tests in the order they appear in the formula. Once a condition evaluates to TRUE, the subsequent conditions are not tested, meaning the formula stops after the first TRUE result.

In our case, the functions are arranged from largest to smallest:

=IF(B2>=60, "Good", IF(B2>40, "Satisfactory", "Poor"))

Naturally, you can nest more functions if needed (up to 64 in modern versions). Nested IF statement in Excel

For more information, please see How to use multiple nested IF statements in Excel.

Excel IF array formula with multiple conditions

Another way to get an Excel IF to test multiple conditions is by using an array formula.

To evaluate conditions with the AND logic, use the asterisk:

IF(condition1) * (condition2) * …, value_if_true, value_if_false)

To test conditions with the OR logic, use the plus sign:

IF(condition1) + (condition2) + …, value_if_true, value_if_false)

To complete an array formula correctly, press the Ctrl + Shift + Enter keys together. In Excel 365 and Excel 2021, this also works as a regular formula due to support for dynamic arrays.

For example, to get "Pass" if both B2 and C2 are greater than 50, the formula is:

=IF((B2>50) * (C2>50), "Pass", "Fail") IF array formula with multiple AND conditions

In my Excel 365, a normal formula works just fine (as you can see in the screenshots above). In Excel 2019 and lower, remember to make it an array formula by using the Ctrl + Shift + Enter shortcut.

To evaluate multiple conditions with the OR logic, the formula is:

=IF((B2>50) + (C2>50), "Pass", "Fail") IF array formula with multiple OR conditions

Using IF together with other functions

This section explains how to use IF in combination with other Excel functions and what benefits this gives to you.

Example 1. If #N/A error in VLOOKUP

When VLOOKUP or other lookup function cannot find something, it returns a #N/A error. To make your tables look nicer, you can return zero, blank, or specific text if #N/A. For this, use this generic formula:

IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(…)), value_if_na, VLOOKUP(…))

For example:

If #N/A return 0:

If the lookup value in E1 is not found, the formula returns zero.

=IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2,FALSE )), 0, VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2, FALSE))

If #N/A return blank:

If the lookup value is not found, the formula returns nothing (an empty string).

=IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2,FALSE )), "", VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2, FALSE))

If #N/A return certain text:

If the lookup value is not found, the formula returns specific text.

=IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2,FALSE )), "Not found", VLOOKUP(E1, A2:B10, 2, FALSE)) If #N/A error in VLOOKUP

For more formula examples, please see VLOOKUP with IF statement in Excel.

Example 2. IF with SUM, AVERAGE, MIN and MAX functions

To sum cell values based on certain criteria, Excel provides the SUMIF and SUMIFS functions.

In some situations, your business logic may require including the SUM function in the logical test of IF. For example, to return different text labels depending on the sum of the values in B2 and C2, the formula is:

=IF(SUM(B2:C2)>130, "Good", IF(SUM(B2:C2)>110, "Satisfactory", "Poor"))

If the sum is greater than 130, the result is "good"; if greater than 110 – "satisfactory', if 110 or lower – "poor". Using the IF function with SUM

In a similar fashion, you can embed the AVERAGE function in the logical test of IF and return different labels based on the average score:

=IF(AVERAGE(B2:C2)>65, "Good", IF(AVERAGE(B2:C2)>55, "Satisfactory", "Poor"))

Assuming the total score is in column D, you can identify the highest and lowest values with the help of the MAX and MIN functions:

=IF(D2=MAX($D$2:$D$10), "Best result", "")

=IF(D2=MAX($D$2:$D$10), "Best result", "")

To have both labels in one column, nest the above functions one into another:

=IF(D2=MAX($D$2:$D$10), "Best result", IF(D2=MIN($D$2:$D$10), "Worst result", "")) Using IF together with the MIN and MAX functions

Likewise, you can use IF together with your custom functions. For example, you can combine it with GetCellColor or GetCellFontColor to return different results based on a cell color.

In addition, Excel provides a number of functions to calculate data based on conditions. For detailed formula examples, please check out the following tutorials:

  • COUNTIF - count cells that meet a condition
  • COUNTIFS - count cells with multiple criteria
  • SUMIF - conditionally sum cells
  • SUMIFS - sum cells with multiple criteria

Example 3. IF with ISNUMBER, ISTEXT and ISBLANK

To identify text, numbers and blank cells, Microsoft Excel provides special functions such as ISTEXT, ISNUMBER and ISBLANK. By placing them in the logical tests of three nested IF statements, you can identify all different data types in one go:

=IF(ISTEXT(A2), "Text", IF(ISNUMBER(A2), "Number", IF(ISBLANK(A2), "Blank", ""))) IF with ISNUMBER, ISTEXT and ISBLANK

Example 4. IF and CONCATENATE

To output the result of IF and some text into one cell, use the CONCATENATE or CONCAT (in Excel 2016 - 365) and IF functions together. For example:

=CONCATENATE("You performed ", IF(B1>100,"fantastic!", IF(B1>50, "well", "poor")))

=CONCAT("You performed ", IF(B1>100,"fantastic!", IF(B1>50, "well", "poor")))

Looking at the screenshot below, you'll hardly need any explanation of what the formula does: Using IF and CONCATENATE

IF ISERROR / ISNA formula in Excel

The modern versions of Excel have special functions to trap errors and replace them with another calculation or predefined value - IFERROR (in Excel 2007 and later) and IFNA (in Excel 2013 and later). In earlier Excel versions, you can use the IF ISERROR and IF ISNA combinations instead.

The difference is that IFERROR and ISERROR handle all possible Excel errors, including #VALUE!, #N/A, #NAME?, #REF!, #NUM!, #DIV/0!, and #NULL!. While IFNA and ISNA specialize solely in #N/A errors.

For example, to replace the "divide by zero" error (#DIV/0!) with your custom text, you can use the following formula:

=IF(ISERROR(A2/B2), "N/A", A2/B2) Using IF together with ISERROR

And that's all I have to say about using the IF function in Excel. I thank you for reading and hope to see you on our blog next week!

Practice workbook for download

Excel IF multiple criteria - examples (.xlsx file)

Table of contents

4530 comments

  1. Hello, new here. Please help me.

    Amount of Net Taxable Income Rate
    over but not over
    10,000.00 5%
    10,000.00 30,000.00 500+ 10% of the excess over 10,000
    30,000.00 70,000.00 2,500+15% of the excess over 30,000
    70,000.00 140,000.00 8,500 +20% of the exces over 70,000
    140,000.00 250,000.00 22,500+25 % of the excess over 140,000
    250,000.00 500,000.00 50,000 +30% of the excess over 250,000
    500,000.00 125,000 + 32% of the excess over 500,000

    based on above tax table i would like to come up with a formula to find the tax due of the following taxable income:

    1,070,018.83
    277,667.62
    400,066.46
    191,497.18
    877,016.35
    504,028.75
    116,979.02
    748,277.72

    Thank you in advance to those who can help.

  2. Hi Svetlana,
    I am unable to figure this out.
    I need a formula that says: If any of the cells Barcode:Barcode contain the term "1 In Production", then add the text "In Production" to corresponding "1 In Production" cell.

    Many Thanks

  3. I have this formula
    If((AND(S1="CALIFORNIAN", T1=0.5, EXACT(UPPER(X1),X1), LEN(X1)>15)), TRUE, FALSE

    This formula works good if all characters are upper case. But I want this formula to also do this, if it is not all upper case then change length to >17. So if my text is Proper the text string can be longer.

    Thanks for your help

  4. I need a formula!!!
    can you please help me on this....

    I have 4 cells with dates
    If I enter date in first cell then value should be equal to 10%,
    If I enter date in first and Second cells then value should be equal to 30%,
    If I enter date in first and Second and third cells then value should be equal to 50%,
    If I enter date in first and Second and third and fourth cells then value should be equal to 100%.

    Pls help me

  5. Hi im trying that

    if input is >100000 and 200000 to < 300000 to be consider as 2 points

    like this N number of times.

    Means each lack to be consider as 1 point, how to make a formula in excel

  6. Need to create a formula that works for the data below. Please help.
    6.50 = Diamond

    Thanks in advance.

  7. Hi Svetlana,

    You have helped me before with Excel and I need your help again.

    I am developing a spreadsheet with details of research studies. I have a comments column which I want to fill in as "Closed" if the study end date in Column N has passed. At the same time for some studies I don't have study end date so unless the date is passed it is showing false whereas I want it to be blank if column N has no date or if teh study hasn't closed yet. Formula I am using is
    =IF(AND(N18"",N180),IF((TODAY()-N18)>0,"Closed",IF((TODAY()-N18)<0,"")))

    Many thanks for your help

    BW

    Jamil

  8. Hi,

    I need help with a formula

    my date condition 01 Oct 2015

    If date >= 01 Oct 2015, I need to meet A1 cell value >=70 to equal 70 & <=(10) to equal (10), otherwise A1

    If date <= 01 Oct 2015, my answer is A1

  9. Hi,

    I need help with a formula.

    I want to return the following values;

    If Cell Value is less than 40 = 10
    If Cell Value is between 40 & 49 = 6
    If Cell Value is between 50 & 59 = 4
    If Cell Value is between 60 & 64 = 2
    If Cell Value is greater than or equal to 65 = 1

    I've tried using the formula below but it only seems to return either the numbers 10 or 6.

    =IF(C2=40,"6",IF(C2>=50,"4",IF(C2>=60,"2",IF(C2>=65,"1")))))

    • I figured out why the formula wasn't working, i've managed to sort it out.
      Thanks

    • I have the same problem, how did you fix it?

  10. if any of two cells out of 3 cells are "false"(row wise)..then the third cell value should be in the "Result" column.

  11. I want help with a formula,

    I have 3 columns for audit, if all three columns says Yes then i want the finding to return as a smile.

    if any of the columns have a NO then the finding to return as Non Compliant..

    can you please help

  12. Hi Svetlana,

    Could you please help me to figure out the formula, which will find identical cells with identical ID, Instrument, Amount, but different Type and will return "hedge"

    ID Instrument Type Amount
    1212 XAUUSD Buy 30
    1234 CL Buy 1000
    1255 XAUUSD Buy 40
    1255 APPLE Buy 150
    1255 XAUUSD Buy 20
    1255 XAUUSD Sell 20

    Thank you ahead!

    • apologies for the format appeared above.
      However, for the case above the last two rows should appear as "hedge"

  13. Hi,

    IF 1 to 749 should count as 1 and in case if its blank it should not calculate or it should show as 0)

    please help

  14. I guess non costumers are not welcome...

    • customers*

  15. Hi Svetlana cheusheva.......
    how to use if condition in my ques......
    plz tell me....
    * display sales order after 2-jun,product name beginning with letter "G"and unit sold in excess 100.
    * display all details ; sales date on 1-jan or 3-jan and number of unit sold less then 150.
    * list those records sales date and 2-jan ; unit sold less then 150 and product name ending in letter "est".
    * display all records for countries in state of Florida with words north or south in country name and land area are more than 500.
    * display those records for countries in the state of California or Colorado with population between 200000 and 300000 and having unit of more than 100,000.

  16. I have 3 columns, Lets say A1, B1, and C1. I need to make a concatenate function that:

    If A1="*" and B1=(random text) then C1 = B1
    If B1="" and A1=(random text) then C1 = A1
    If A1"*" and B1"" then =CONCATENATE(A1,".",B1)

    • Hi Austin,

      Does A1"*" mean any text in A1? And most likely B1"" is supposed to be <>""(non-empty), right?

      Anyway, you can use a nested IF formula similar to the below one, just adjust the criteria according to your needs:

      =IF(AND(ISTEXT(A1), B1="text"), B1, IF(AND(A1="text", B1=""), A1, IF(AND(ISTEXT(A1), B1<>""), CONCATENATE(A1,".",B1), "")))

  17. =IF(I11=26,"10000",IF(I11=27,"15000",IF(I11=28,"20000")))-E8

    I11 its +1 and value is +5000
    is there shorter way to do this?

  18. I was wondering if you could provide assistance with a formula I am trying to figure out.
    I need to look at a range of cells and determine if any of them have been the text "Ready" in them. IF they have the word Ready in them, then I need a different field to have a date in it. Is there a formula that can assist with this?

    • Hi Jayne,

      You can use a formula similar to this:

      =IF(A1="Ready", TOADY())

      The formula will insert the current date if A1 contains "Ready". And you can replace TODAY() with any other date that you need.

  19. Hello,
    Which formula can I use if I want to return a cell value using a If clause. I am looking for something like " IF A1=OT Print value from B1.

  20. I need column A to reflect what is in column B. If B1=816114 I need A to say "SMC Main". If B=816164 I need A to say "CBRE". If B=811739 I need A to say "Ballard". If B says ANY other number, I need A to be blank (NOT say false). I am having trouble with that last part.

    • Hi Brit,

      Try the following nested IF's:

      =IF(B1=816114, "SMC Main", IF(B1=816164, "CBRE", IF(B1=811739, "Ballard", "")))

      • Thank you so much! worked great!

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